--- parser3/src/classes/table.C	2002/04/25 09:39:45	1.152
+++ parser3/src/classes/table.C	2016/09/07 11:56:20	1.321
@@ -1,331 +1,935 @@
 /** @file
 	Parser: @b table parser class.
 
-	Copyright (c) 2001, 2002 ArtLebedev Group (http://www.artlebedev.com)
+	Copyright (c) 2001-2015 Art. Lebedev Studio (http://www.artlebedev.com)
 	Author: Alexandr Petrosian <paf@design.ru> (http://paf.design.ru)
-
-	$Id: table.C,v 1.152 2002/04/25 09:39:45 paf Exp $
 */
 
 #include "classes.h"
+#include "pa_vmethod_frame.h"
+
 #include "pa_common.h"
 #include "pa_request.h"
+#include "pa_charsets.h"
 #include "pa_vtable.h"
 #include "pa_vint.h"
 #include "pa_sql_connection.h"
 #include "pa_vbool.h"
+#include "pa_array.h"
+
+#if (!defined(NO_STRINGSTREAM) && !defined(FREEBSD4))
+#include <sstream>
+#define USE_STRINGSTREAM
+#endif
+
+volatile const char * IDENT_TABLE_C="$Id: table.C,v 1.321 2016/09/07 11:56:20 moko Exp $";
 
 // class
 
-class MTable : public Methoded {
+class MTable: public Methoded {
 public: // VStateless_class
-	Value *create_new_value(Pool& pool) { return new(pool) VTable(pool); }
-
+	Value* create_new_value(Pool&) { return new VTable(); }
 public:
-	MTable(Pool& pool);
-
-public: // Methoded
-	bool used_directly() { return true; }
+	MTable();
 };
 
+// global variable
+
+DECLARE_CLASS_VAR(table, new MTable);
+
+#define TABLE_REVERSE_NAME "reverse"
+
+// globals
+
+String sql_bind_name(SQL_BIND_NAME);
+String sql_limit_name(PA_SQL_LIMIT_NAME);
+String sql_offset_name(PA_SQL_OFFSET_NAME);
+String sql_default_name(SQL_DEFAULT_NAME);
+String sql_distinct_name(SQL_DISTINCT_NAME);
+String sql_value_type_name(SQL_VALUE_TYPE_NAME);
+String table_reverse_name(TABLE_REVERSE_NAME);
+
 // methods
 
-static void _create(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	// clone?
-	if(params->size()==1) 
-		if(const Table *source=params->get(0).get_table()) {
-			static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->set_table(*new(pool) Table(*source));
-			return;
+static Table::Action_options get_action_options(Request& r, MethodParams& params, size_t options_index, const Table& source) {
+	Table::Action_options result;
+	if(params.count() <= options_index)
+		return result;
+
+	HashStringValue* options=params.as_hash(options_index);
+	if(!options)
+		return result;
+
+	result.defined=true;
+	bool defined_offset=false;
+
+	int valid_options=0;
+	if(Value* voffset=options->get(sql_offset_name)) {
+		valid_options++;
+		defined_offset=true;
+		if(voffset->is_string()) {
+			const String&  soffset=*voffset->get_string();
+			if(soffset == "cur")
+				result.offset=source.current();
+			else
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, &soffset, "must be 'cur' string or expression");
+		} else 
+			result.offset=r.process_to_value(*voffset).as_int();
+	}
+	if(Value* vlimit=options->get(sql_limit_name)) {
+		valid_options++;
+		result.limit=r.process_to_value(*vlimit).as_int();
+	}
+	if(Value *vreverse=(Value *)options->get(table_reverse_name)) { 
+		valid_options++; 
+		result.reverse=r.process_to_value(*vreverse).as_bool(); 
+		if(result.reverse && !defined_offset) 
+			result.offset=source.count()-1; 
+	} 
+
+	if(valid_options!=options->count())
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, CALLED_WITH_INVALID_OPTION);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+struct TableControlChars {
+	char separator;  const String* sseparator;
+	char encloser; const String* sencloser;
+
+	char separators[3];
+
+	TableControlChars():
+		separator('\t'), sseparator(new String("\t")),
+		encloser(0), sencloser(0)
+	{
+		strcpy(separators,"\t\n");
+	}
+
+	int load( HashStringValue& options ) {
+		int result=0;
+		if(Value* vseparator=options.get(PA_COLUMN_SEPARATOR_NAME)) {
+			sseparator=&vseparator->as_string();
+			if(sseparator->length()!=1)
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, sseparator, "separator must be one character long");
+			separator=sseparator->first_char();
+			separators[0]=separator;
+			result++;
 		}
+		if(Value* vencloser=options.get(PA_COLUMN_ENCLOSER_NAME)) {
+			sencloser=&vencloser->as_string();
+			if(sencloser->is_empty()){
+				encloser=0;
+			} else {
+			if(sencloser->length()!=1)
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, sencloser, "encloser must be one character long");
+			encloser=sencloser->first_char();
+			}
+			result++;
+		}
+		return result;
+	}
+};
 
-	// data is last parameter
-	Temp_lang temp_lang(r, String::UL_PASS_APPENDED);
-	const String& data=
-		r.process_to_string(params->as_junction(params->size()-1, "body must be code"));
 
-	size_t pos_after=0;
+static void _create(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	// clone/copy part?
+	if(Table *source=params[0].get_table()) {
+		Table::Action_options o=get_action_options(r, params, 1, *source);
+		if(params.count()>2)
+			throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "too many parameters");
+		GET_SELF(r, VTable).set_table(*new Table(*source, o));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	size_t data_param_index=0;
+	bool nameless=false;
+
+	if(params.count()>1) {
+		if(params[0].is_string()){ // can be nameless only
+			const String& snameless=params.as_string(0, "called with more then 1 param, first param may be only string 'nameless' or junction");
+			if(snameless!="nameless")
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, &snameless, "table::create called with more then 1 param, first param may be only 'nameless'");
+			nameless=true;
+			data_param_index++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	HashStringValue *options=0;
+	TableControlChars control_chars;
+
+	size_t options_param_index=data_param_index+1;
+	if(
+		options_param_index<params.count()
+		&& (options=params.as_hash(options_param_index))
+	) {
+		// cloning, so that we could change
+		options=new HashStringValue(*options);
+		control_chars.load(*options);
+		if(control_chars.encloser){
+			throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "encloser not supported for table::create yet");
+		}
+	}
+
+	// data
+	Temp_lang temp_lang(r, String::L_PASS_APPENDED);
+	const String&  data=
+		r.process_to_string(params.as_junction(data_param_index, "body must be table or code"));
+
 	// parse columns
-	Array *columns;
-	if(params->size()==2) {
-		columns=0;
+	size_t raw_pos_after=0;
+	Table::columns_type columns;
+
+	if(nameless){
+		columns=Table::columns_type(0); // nameless
 	} else {
-		columns=new(pool) Array(pool);
+		columns=Table::columns_type(new ArrayString);
 
-		Array head(pool);
-		data.split(head, &pos_after, "\n", 1, String::UL_AS_IS, 1);
-		if(head.size())
-			head.get_string(0)->split(*columns, 0, "\t", 1, String::UL_AS_IS);
+		ArrayString head;
+		data.split(head, raw_pos_after, "\n", String::L_AS_IS, 1);
+		if(head.count()) {
+			size_t col_pos_after=0;
+			if(head[0]->is_empty())
+				*columns += new String();
+			else
+				head[0]->split(*columns, col_pos_after, *control_chars.sseparator, String::L_AS_IS);
+		}
 	}
 
-	Table& table=*new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, columns);
+	Table& table=*new Table(columns);
 	// parse cells
-	Array rows(pool);
-	data.split(rows, &pos_after, "\n", 1, String::UL_AS_IS);
-	Array_iter i(rows);
+
+	ArrayString rows;
+	data.split(rows, raw_pos_after, "\n", String::L_AS_IS);
+	Array_iterator<const String*> i(rows);
 	while(i.has_next()) {
-		Array& row=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-		const String& string=*i.next_string();
+		Table::element_type row(new ArrayString);
+		const String& string=*i.next();
 		// remove comment lines
-		if(!string.size())
+		if(string.is_empty())
 			continue;
 
-		string.split(row, 0, "\t", 1, String::UL_AS_IS);
-		table+=&row;
+		size_t col_pos_after=0;
+		string.split(*row, col_pos_after, *control_chars.sseparator, String::L_AS_IS);
+		table+=row;
 	}
 
 	// replace any previous table value
-	static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->set_table(table);
+	GET_SELF(r, VTable).set_table(table);
 }
 
-static void _load(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	// filename is last parameter
-	Value& vfile_name=params->as_no_junction(params->size()-1, 
-		"file name must not be code");
+struct lsplit_result {
+	char* piece;
+	char delim;
 
-	// loading text
-	char *data=file_read_text(pool, r.absolute(vfile_name.as_string()));
+	lsplit_result(char *apiece=0) : piece(apiece), delim(0){}
+	operator bool() { return piece!=0; }
+};
 
-	// parse columns
-	Array *columns;
-#ifndef NO_STRING_ORIGIN
-	const Origin& origin=method_name.origin();
-	const char *file=origin.file;
-	uint line=origin.line;
-#endif
-	if(params->size()==2) {
-		columns=0; // nameless
-	} else {
-		columns=new(pool) Array(pool);
+inline lsplit_result lsplit(char* *string_ref, const char* delims) {
+	lsplit_result result(*string_ref);
+	if(result.piece) {
+		if(char* v=strpbrk(result.piece, delims)) {
+			result.delim=*v;
+			*v=0;
+			*string_ref=v+1;
+			return result;
+		} else {
+			*string_ref=0;
+		}
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+static lsplit_result lsplit(char** string_ref, const char* delims, char encloser) {
+	lsplit_result result(*string_ref);
+
+	if(result.piece) {
+		if(encloser && *result.piece==encloser) {
+			result.piece++;
+			
+			char c;
+			char *read;
+			char *write;
+			write=read=result.piece;
+
+			// we are enclosed, searching for second encloser
+			while(c=*read++) {
+				if(c==encloser) {
+					if(*read==encloser) // double-encloser stands for encloser
+						read++;
+					else
+						break; // note: skipping encloser
+				}
+				*write++=c;
+			}
+
+			// we are no longer enclosed, searching for delimiter, skipping extra enclosers
+			while(c=*read++) {
+				if(c==delims[0] || c==delims[1]) {
+					result.delim=c;
+					break;
+				} else 	if(c!=encloser)
+					*write++=c;
+			}
 
-		while(char *row_chars=getrow(&data)) {
-			// remove empty&comment lines
-			if(!*row_chars || *row_chars == '#')
+			*write=0; // terminate
+			*string_ref=c ? read : 0;
+			return result;
+		} else
+			return lsplit(string_ref, delims);
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+static void skip_empty_and_comment_lines( char** data_ref ) {
+	if(char *data=*data_ref) {
+		while( char c=*data ) {
+			if( c== '\n' || c == '#' ) {
+				/*nowhere=*/getrow(&data); // remove empty&comment lines
+				if(!(*data_ref=data))
+					break;
 				continue;
-			do {
-				String *name=new(pool) String(pool);
-				name->APPEND_TAINTED(lsplit(&row_chars, '\t'), 0, file, line++);
-				*columns+=name;
-			} while(row_chars);
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
 
+static void skip_empty_lines( char** data_ref ) {
+	if(char *data=*data_ref) {
+		while( char c=*data ) {
+			if( c== '\n' ) {
+				/*nowhere=*/getrow(&data); // remove empty lines
+				if(!(*data_ref=data))
+					break;
+				continue;
+			}
 			break;
 		}
 	}
+}
+
+typedef void (*Skip_lines_action)(char** data_ref);
+
+static void _load(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	const String&  first_param=params.as_string(0, FILE_NAME_MUST_BE_STRING);
+	int filename_param_index=0;
+	bool nameless=first_param=="nameless";
+	if(nameless)
+		filename_param_index++;
+	size_t options_param_index=filename_param_index+1;
+
+	HashStringValue *options=0;
+	TableControlChars control_chars;
+	if(options_param_index<params.count()
+		&& (options=params.as_hash(options_param_index))) {
+		// cloning, so that we could change [to simplify checks on params inside file_read_text
+		options=new HashStringValue(*options);
+		control_chars.load(*options);
+	}
+
+	// loading text
+	char *data=file_load_text(r, r.absolute(params.as_string(filename_param_index, FILE_NAME_MUST_BE_STRING)), true, options);
+
+	Skip_lines_action skip_lines_action = (control_chars.separator=='#' || control_chars.encloser=='#') ? skip_empty_lines : skip_empty_and_comment_lines;
+
+	// parse columns
+	Table::columns_type columns;
+	if(nameless) {
+		columns=Table::columns_type(0); // nameless
+	} else {
+		columns=Table::columns_type(new ArrayString);
+
+		skip_lines_action(&data);
+		while( lsplit_result sr=lsplit(&data, control_chars.separators, control_chars.encloser) ) {
+			*columns+=new String(sr.piece, String::L_TAINTED);
+			if(sr.delim=='\n') 
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	Table& table=*new Table(columns);
+	int columns_count=columns? columns->count(): 0;
 
 	// parse cells
-	Table& table=*new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, columns);
-	char *row_chars;
-	while(row_chars=getrow(&data)) {
-		// remove empty&comment lines
-		if(!*row_chars || *row_chars == '#')
-			continue;
-		Array *row=new(pool) Array(pool);
-		while(char *cell_chars=lsplit(&row_chars, '\t')) {
-			String *cell=new(pool) String(pool);
-			cell->APPEND_TAINTED(cell_chars, 0, file, line);
-			*row+=cell;
+	Table::element_type row(new ArrayString(columns_count));
+	skip_lines_action(&data);
+	while( lsplit_result sr=lsplit(&data, control_chars.separators, control_chars.encloser) ) {
+		if(!*sr.piece && !sr.delim && !row->count()) // append last empty column [if without \n]
+			break;
+		*row+=new String(sr.piece, String::L_TAINTED);
+		if(sr.delim=='\n') {
+			table+=row;
+			row=new ArrayString(columns_count);
+			skip_lines_action(&data);
 		}
-#ifndef NO_STRING_ORIGIN
-		line++;
-#endif
+	}
+	// last line [if without \n]
+	if(row->count())
 		table+=row;
-	};
-
+	
 	// replace any previous table value
-	static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->set_table(table);
+	GET_SELF(r, VTable).set_table(table);
 }
 
-/// @todo "x\nx" "xxx""xx"
-static void _save(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	Value& vfile_name=params->as_no_junction(params->size()-1, 
-		"file name must not be code");
+#ifdef USE_STRINGSTREAM
+#include "gc_allocator.h"
 
-	Table& table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
+typedef std::basic_stringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, gc_allocator<char> > pa_stringstream;
+typedef std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, gc_allocator<char> > pa_string;
 
-	bool do_append=false;
-	String sdata(pool);
-	if(params->size()==1) { // named output
-		// write out names line
+static void enclose( pa_stringstream& to, const String* from, char encloser ) {
+	if(from){
+		to<<encloser;
+		// while we have 'encloser'...
+		size_t pos_after=0;
+		for( size_t pos_before; (pos_before=from->pos( encloser, pos_after ))!=STRING_NOT_FOUND; pos_after=pos_before) {
+			pos_before++; // including first encloser (and skipping it for next pos)
+			to<<from->mid(pos_after, pos_before).cstr();
+			to<<encloser; // doubling encloser
+		}
+		// last piece
+		size_t from_length=from->length();
+		if(pos_after<from_length)
+			to<<from->mid(pos_after, from_length).cstr();
+		to<<encloser;
+	} else {
+		to<<encloser<<encloser;
+	}
+}
+
+static void table_to_csv(pa_stringstream& result, Table& table, TableControlChars& control_chars, bool output_column_names) {
+	if(output_column_names) {
 		if(table.columns()) { // named table
-			Array_iter i(*table.columns());
-			while(i.has_next()) {
-				sdata.append(*i.next_string(), //*static_cast<String *>(table.columns()->quick_get(column)), 
-					String::UL_TABLE);
-				if(i.has_next())
-					sdata.APPEND_CONST("\t");
+			if(control_chars.encloser){
+				for(Array_iterator<const String*> i(*table.columns()); i.has_next(); ) {
+					enclose( result, i.next(), control_chars.encloser );
+					if(i.has_next())
+						result<<control_chars.separator;
+				}
+			} else {
+				for(Array_iterator<const String*> i(*table.columns()); i.has_next(); ) {
+					result<<i.next()->cstr();
+					if(i.has_next())
+						result<<control_chars.separator;
+				}
 			}
-		} else { // nameless table
-			if(int lsize=table.size()?static_cast<Array *>(table.get(0))->size():0)
+		} else { // nameless table [we were asked to output column names]
+			if(int lsize=table.count()?table[0]->count():0)
 				for(int column=0; column<lsize; column++) {
-					char *cindex_tab=(char *)pool.malloc(MAX_NUMBER);
-					snprintf(cindex_tab, MAX_NUMBER, "%d\t", column);
-					sdata.APPEND_CONST(cindex_tab);
+					if(control_chars.encloser) {
+						result<<control_chars.encloser<<column<<control_chars.encloser;
+					} else {
+						result<<column;
+					}
+					if(column<lsize-1){
+						result<<control_chars.separator;
+					}
 				}
 			else
-				sdata.APPEND_CONST("empty nameless table");
+				result<<"empty nameless table";
 		}
-		sdata.APPEND_CONST("\n");
-	} else { // mode specified
-		const String& mode=params->as_string(0, "mode must be string");
-		if(mode=="append")
-			do_append=true;
-		else if(mode=="nameless")
-			/*ok, already skipped names output*/;
-		else
-			throw Exception("parser.runtime",
-				&mode,
-				"unknown mode, must be 'append'");
+		result<<'\n';
+	}
+
+	// process data lines
+	Array_iterator<ArrayString*> i(table);
+	if(control_chars.encloser){
+		while(i.has_next()) {
+			for(Array_iterator<const String*> c(*i.next()); c.has_next(); ) {
+				enclose( result, c.next(), control_chars.encloser );
+				if(c.has_next())
+					result<<control_chars.separator;
+			}
+			result<<'\n';
+		}
+	} else {
+		while(i.has_next()) {
+			for(Array_iterator<const String*> c(*i.next()); c.has_next(); ) {
+				result<<c.next()->cstr();
+				if(c.has_next())
+					result<<control_chars.separator;
+			}
+			result<<'\n';
+		}
+	}
+}
 
+#else
+
+void enclose( String& to, const String* from, char encloser, const String* sencloser ) {
+	if(from){
+		to<<*sencloser;
+		// while we have 'encloser'...
+		size_t pos_after=0;
+		for( size_t pos_before; (pos_before=from->pos( encloser, pos_after ))!=STRING_NOT_FOUND; pos_after=pos_before) {
+			pos_before++; // including first encloser (and skipping it for next pos)
+			to<<from->mid(pos_after, pos_before);
+			to<<*sencloser; // doubling encloser
+		}
+		// last piece
+		size_t from_length=from->length();
+		if(pos_after<from_length)
+			to<<from->mid(pos_after, from_length);
+		to<<*sencloser;
+	} else {
+		to<<*sencloser<<*sencloser;
 	}
+}
+
+static void table_to_csv(String& result, Table& table, TableControlChars& control_chars, bool output_column_names) {
+	if(output_column_names) {
+		if(table.columns()) { // named table
+			if(control_chars.encloser) {
+				for(Array_iterator<const String*> i(*table.columns()); i.has_next(); ) {
+					enclose( result, i.next(), control_chars.encloser, control_chars.sencloser );
+					if(i.has_next())
+						result<<*control_chars.sseparator;
+				}
+			} else {
+				for(Array_iterator<const String*> i(*table.columns()); i.has_next(); ) {
+					result<<*i.next();
+					if(i.has_next())
+						result<<*control_chars.sseparator;
+				}
+			}
+		} else { // nameless table [we were asked to output column names]
+			if(int lsize=table.count()?table[0]->count():0)
+				for(int column=0; column<lsize; column++) {
+					if(control_chars.encloser) {
+						result<<*control_chars.sencloser<<String::Body::Format(column)<<*control_chars.sencloser;
+					} else {
+						result<<String::Body::Format(column);
+					}
+					if(column<lsize-1){
+						result<<*control_chars.sseparator;
+					}
+				}
+			else
+				result.append_help_length("empty nameless table", 0, String::L_CLEAN);
+		}
+		result.append_know_length("\n", 1, String::L_CLEAN);
+	}
+
 	// data lines
-	Array_iter i(table);
-	while(i.has_next()) {
-		Array_iter c(*static_cast<Array *>(i.next()));
-		while(c.has_next()) {
-			sdata.append(*c.next_string(), //*static_cast<String *>(row->quick_get(column)), 
-				String::UL_TABLE);
-			if(c.has_next())
-				sdata.APPEND_CONST("\t");
+	Array_iterator<ArrayString*> i(table);
+	if(control_chars.encloser){
+		while(i.has_next()) {
+			for(Array_iterator<const String*> c(*i.next()); c.has_next(); ) {
+				enclose( result, c.next(), control_chars.encloser, control_chars.sencloser );
+				if(c.has_next())
+					result<<*control_chars.sseparator;
+			}
+			result.append_know_length("\n", 1, String::L_CLEAN);
+		}
+	} else {
+		while(i.has_next()) {
+			for(Array_iterator<const String*> c(*i.next()); c.has_next(); ) {
+				result<<*c.next();
+				if(c.has_next())
+					result<<*control_chars.sseparator;
+			}
+			result.append_know_length("\n", 1, String::L_CLEAN);
 		}
-		sdata.APPEND_CONST("\n");
 	}
+}
+#endif // don't use stringstream
+
+
+static void _save(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	const String& first_arg=params.as_string(0, FIRST_ARG_MUST_NOT_BE_CODE);
+	size_t param_index=1;
+
+	bool do_append=false;
+	bool output_column_names=true;
+
+	// mode?
+	if(first_arg=="append")
+		do_append=true;
+	else if(first_arg=="nameless")
+		output_column_names=false;
+	else
+		--param_index;
+
+	const String& file_name=params.as_string(param_index++, FILE_NAME_MUST_NOT_BE_CODE);
+	String file_spec=r.absolute(file_name);
+
+	if(do_append && file_exist(file_spec))
+		output_column_names=false;
+
+	TableControlChars control_chars;
+	if(param_index<params.count())
+		if(HashStringValue* options=params.as_hash(param_index++)) {
+			int valid_options=control_chars.load(*options);
+			if(valid_options!=options->count())
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, CALLED_WITH_INVALID_OPTION);
+		}
+
+	if(param_index<params.count())
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "bad mode (must be nameless or append)");
+
+	Table& table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+
+#ifdef USE_STRINGSTREAM
+	pa_stringstream ost(std::stringstream::out);
+
+	table_to_csv(ost, table, control_chars, output_column_names);
 
 	// write
-	file_write(r.absolute(vfile_name.as_string()), 
-		sdata.cstr(), sdata.size(), true, do_append);
+		pa_string data=ost.str();
+		const char* data_cstr=data.c_str();
+		file_write(r.charsets, file_spec, data_cstr, data.length(), true /* as text */, do_append);
+#else
+	String sdata;
+
+	table_to_csv(sdata, table, control_chars, output_column_names);
+
+	// write
+		const char* data_cstr=sdata.cstr();
+	file_write(r.charsets, file_spec, data_cstr, sdata.length(), true /* as text */, do_append);
+		if(*data_cstr) // not empty (when empty it's not heap memory)
+			pa_free((void*)data_cstr); // not needed anymore
+#endif
+}
+
+static void _csv_string(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	bool output_column_names=true;
+	size_t param_index=0;
+	if(params.count()>0 && params[0].is_string()) {
+		if(params.as_string(0, FIRST_ARG_MUST_NOT_BE_CODE)=="nameless") {
+			output_column_names=false;
+			param_index++;
+		} else {
+			throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "bad mode (must be nameless)");
+		}
+	}
+
+	TableControlChars control_chars;
+	if(param_index<params.count())
+		if(HashStringValue* options=params.as_hash(param_index++)) {
+			int valid_options=control_chars.load(*options);
+			if(valid_options!=options->count())
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, CALLED_WITH_INVALID_OPTION);
+		}
+
+	Table& table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+
+#ifdef USE_STRINGSTREAM
+	pa_stringstream ost(std::stringstream::out);
+
+	table_to_csv(ost, table, control_chars, output_column_names);
+
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VString(*new String(pa_strdup(ost.str().c_str()), String::L_CLEAN)));
+#else
+	String sdata;
+
+	table_to_csv(sdata, table, control_chars, output_column_names);
+
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VString(*new String(sdata.cstr(), String::L_CLEAN)));
+#endif
 }
 
-static void _count(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	int result=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table().size();
-	r.write_no_lang(*new(pool) VInt(pool, result));
+static void _count(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Table& table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	size_t result=0;
+	if(params.count()) {
+		const String& param=params.as_string(0, PARAMETER_MUST_BE_STRING);
+		if(param == "columns")
+			result = table.columns() ? table.columns()->count() : table.max_cells();
+		else if(param == "cells")
+			result = table.count() ? table[table.current()]->count() : 0;
+		else if(param == "rows") // synonim for ^table.count[]
+			result = table.count();
+		else
+			throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, &param, "parameter must be 'columns', 'cells' and 'rows' only");
+	} else
+		result = table.count();
+
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VInt(result));
 }
 
-static void _line(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	int result=1+static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table().current();
-	r.write_no_lang(*new(pool) VInt(pool, result));
+static void _line(Request& r, MethodParams&) {
+	int result=1+GET_SELF(r, VTable).table().current();
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VInt(result));
 }
 
-static void _offset(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	Table& table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	if(params->size()) {
+static void _offset(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Table& table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	if(params.count()) {
 		bool absolute=false;
-		if(params->size()>1) {
-		    const String& whence=params->as_string(0, "whence must be string");
+		if(params.count()>1) {
+		    const String&  whence=params.as_string(0, "whence must be string");
 		    if(whence=="cur")
 				absolute=false;
 		    else if(whence=="set")
 				absolute=true;
 		    else
-				throw Exception("parser.runtime",
-					&whence,
-					"is invalid whence, valid are 'cur' or 'set'");
-		}		    
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, &whence, "is invalid whence, valid are 'cur' or 'set'");
+		}
 		
-		Value& offset_expr=params->as_junction(params->size()-1, "offset must be expression");
-		table.offset(absolute, r.process_to_value(offset_expr).as_int());
+		int offset=params.as_int(params.count()-1, "offset must be expression", r);
+		table.offset(absolute, offset);
 	} else
-		r.write_no_lang(*new(pool) VInt(pool, table.current()));
+		r.write_no_lang(*new VInt(table.current()));
 }
 
-static void _menu(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Value& body_code=params->as_junction(0, "body must be code");
+static void _menu(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	InCycle temp(r);
+
+	Value& body_code=params.as_junction(0, "body must be code");
 	
-	Value *delim_maybe_code=params->size()>1?&params->get(1):0;
+	Value* delim_maybe_code=params.count()>1?&params[1]:0;
+
+	Table& table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	size_t saved_current=table.current();
+
+	if(delim_maybe_code) { // delimiter set
+		bool need_delim=false;
+		for(size_t row=0; row<table.count(); row++) {
+			table.set_current(row);
+
+			StringOrValue sv_processed=r.process(body_code);
+			Request::Skip lskip=r.get_skip(); r.set_skip(Request::SKIP_NOTHING);
+
+			const String* s_processed=sv_processed.get_string();
+			if(s_processed && !s_processed->is_empty()) { // we have body
+				if(need_delim) // need delim & iteration produced string?
+					r.write_pass_lang(r.process(*delim_maybe_code));
+				else
+					need_delim=true;
+			}
+
+			r.write_pass_lang(sv_processed);
 
-	Table& table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	bool need_delim=false;
-	int saved_current=table.current();
-	int size=table.size();
-	for(int row=0; row<size; row++) {
-		table.set_current(row);
-
-		StringOrValue processed_body=r.process(body_code);
-		if(delim_maybe_code) { // delimiter set?
-			const String *string=processed_body.get_string();
-			if(need_delim && string && string->size()) // need delim & iteration produced string?
-				r.write_pass_lang(r.process(*delim_maybe_code));
-			need_delim=true;
+			if(lskip==Request::SKIP_BREAK)
+				break;
+		}
+	} else {
+		for(size_t row=0; row<table.count(); row++) {
+			table.set_current(row);
+ 
+			r.process_write(body_code);
+			Request::Skip lskip=r.get_skip(); r.set_skip(Request::SKIP_NOTHING);
+ 
+			if(lskip==Request::SKIP_BREAK)
+				break;
 		}
-		r.write_pass_lang(processed_body);
 	}
 	table.set_current(saved_current);
 }
 
 #ifndef DOXYGEN
 struct Row_info {
+	Request *r;
 	Table *table;
-	int key_field;
-	Array *value_fields;
-	Hash *hash;
+	Value* key_code;
+	size_t key_field;
+	Array<int>* value_fields;
+	Value* value_code;
+	HashStringValue* hash;
+	Table2hash_distint distinct;
+	size_t row;
+	Table2hash_value_type value_type;
 };
 #endif
-static void table_row_to_hash(Array::Item *value, void *info) {
-	Array& row=*static_cast<Array *>(value);
-	Row_info& ri=*static_cast<Row_info *>(info);
-	Pool& pool=ri.table->pool();
-
-	if(ri.key_field<row.size()) {
-		VHash& result=*new(pool) VHash(pool);
-		Hash& hash=*result.get_hash(0);
-		for(int i=0; i<ri.value_fields->size(); i++) {
-			int value_field=ri.value_fields->get_int(i);
-			if(value_field<row.size())
-				hash.put(
-					*ri.table->columns()->get_string(value_field), 
-					new(pool) VString(*row.get_string(value_field)));
-		}
+static void table_row_to_hash(Table::element_type row, Row_info *info) {
+	const String* key;
+	if(info->key_code) {
+		info->table->set_current(info->row++); // change context row
+		StringOrValue sv_processed=info->r->process(*info->key_code);
+		key=&sv_processed.as_string();
+	} else {
+		key=info->key_field<row->count()?row->get(info->key_field):0;
+	}
+
+	if(!key)
+		return; // ignore rows without key [too-short-record_array if-indexed]
 		
-		ri.hash->put(*row.get_string(ri.key_field), &result);
+	bool exist=false;
+	switch(info->value_type) {
+		case C_STRING: {
+			if(info->value_fields->count()){
+				size_t index=info->value_fields->get(0);
+				exist=info->hash->put_dont_replace(*key, (index < row->count()) ? new VString(*row->get(index)) : VString::empty());
+			} else {
+				exist=info->hash->put_dont_replace(*key, VString::empty());
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		case C_HASH: {
+			VHash* vhash=new VHash;
+			HashStringValue& hash=vhash->hash();
+			for(Array_iterator<int> i(*info->value_fields); i.has_next(); ) {
+				size_t value_field=i.next();
+				if(value_field<row->count())
+					hash.put(*info->table->columns()->get(value_field), new VString(*row->get(value_field)));
+			}
+
+			exist=info->hash->put_dont_replace(*key, vhash);
+			break;
+		}
+		case C_TABLE: {
+			VTable* vtable=(VTable*)info->hash->get(*key); // table exist?
+			Table* table;
+			if(vtable) {
+				if(info->distinct==D_ILLEGAL) {
+					exist=true;
+					break;
+				}
+				table=vtable->get_table();
+			} else {
+				// no? creating table of same structure as source
+				Table::Action_options table_options(0, 0);
+				table=new Table(*info->table, table_options/*no rows, just structure*/);
+				info->hash->put(*key, new VTable(table));
+			}
+			Table::element_type row_copy(new ArrayString(row->count()));
+			row_copy->append(*row);
+			*table+=row_copy;
+			break;
+		}
+		case C_CODE: {
+			if(!info->key_code)
+				info->table->set_current(info->row++); // change context row
+			exist=info->hash->put_dont_replace(*key, &info->r->process(*info->value_code).as_value());
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if(exist && info->distinct==D_ILLEGAL)
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, key, "duplicate key");
+}
+
+Table2hash_value_type get_value_type(Value& vvalue_type){
+	if(vvalue_type.is_string()) {
+		const String& svalue_type=*vvalue_type.get_string();
+		if(svalue_type == "table"){
+			return C_TABLE;
+		} else if (svalue_type == "string") {
+			return C_STRING;
+		} else if (svalue_type == "hash") {
+			return C_HASH;
+		} else {
+			throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, &svalue_type, "must be 'hash', 'table' or 'string'");
+		}
+	} else {
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "'type' must be string");
+	}
+}
+
+static Table2hash_distint get_distinct(Value& vdistinct, Table2hash_value_type& value_type){
+	if(vdistinct.is_string()) {
+		const String& sdistinct=*vdistinct.get_string();
+		if(sdistinct!="tables")
+			throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, &sdistinct, "must be 'tables' or true/false");
+		value_type=C_TABLE;
+		return D_FIRST;
 	}
+	return vdistinct.as_bool() ? D_FIRST : D_ILLEGAL;
 }
-static void _hash(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	Table& self_table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	Value& result=*new(pool) VHash(pool);
-	if(const Array *columns=self_table.columns())
-		if(columns->size()>0) {
-			const String& key_field_name=params->as_no_junction(0, 
-				"key field name must not be code").as_string();
-			int key_field=self_table.column_name2index(key_field_name, true);
-
-			Array value_fields(pool);
-			if(params->size()>1) {
-				Value& value_fields_param=params->as_no_junction(1, "value field(s) must not be code");
-				if(value_fields_param.is_string()) {
-					value_fields+=self_table.column_name2index(value_fields_param.as_string(), true);
-				} else if(Table *value_fields_table=value_fields_param.get_table()) {
-					for(int i=0; i<value_fields_table->size(); i++) {
-						const String& value_field_name=
-							*static_cast<Array *>(value_fields_table->get(i))->get_string(0);
-						value_fields+=self_table.column_name2index(value_field_name, true);
+
+static void _hash(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Table& self_table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	VHash& result=*new VHash;
+	if(Table::columns_type columns=self_table.columns()){
+		if(columns->count()>0) {
+			Table2hash_distint distinct=D_ILLEGAL;
+			Table2hash_value_type value_type=C_HASH;
+			int param_index=params.count()-1;
+			if(param_index>0) {
+
+				if(params[1].get_junction())
+					value_type=C_CODE;
+
+				if(HashStringValue* options=params[param_index].get_hash()){ // can't use .as_hash because the 2nd param could be table so .as_hash throws an error
+					--param_index;
+					int valid_options=0;
+					if(Value* vdistinct_code=options->get(sql_distinct_name)) { // $.distinct ?
+						valid_options++;
+						distinct=get_distinct(r.process_to_value(*vdistinct_code), value_type);
 					}
-				} else
-					throw Exception("parser.runtime",
-						&method_name,
-						"value field(s) must be string or self_table"
-					);
-			} else { // by all columns, including key
-				for(int i=0; i<columns->size(); i++)
+					if(Value* vvalue_type_code=options->get(sql_value_type_name)) { // $.type ?
+						if(value_type==C_TABLE) // $.distinct[tables] already was specified
+							throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "you can't specify $.distinct[tables] and $.type[] together");
+						if(value_type==C_CODE)
+							throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "you can't specify $.type[] if value is code");
+						valid_options++;
+						value_type=get_value_type(r.process_to_value(*vvalue_type_code));
+					}
+
+					if(valid_options!=options->count())
+						throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, CALLED_WITH_INVALID_OPTION);
+				}
+			}
+
+			if(param_index==2) // options were specified but not as hash
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "options must be hash");
+
+			Array<int> value_fields;
+			Value* value_code=0;
+
+			if(param_index==0){ // list of columns wasn't specified
+				if(value_type==C_STRING) // $.type[string]
+					throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "you must specify one value field with option $.type[string]");
+				
+				for(size_t i=0; i<columns->count(); i++) // by all columns, including key
 					value_fields+=i;
+
+			} else { // list of columns or code was specified
+				if(value_type==C_TABLE)
+					throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "you can't specify value field(s) with option $.distinct[tables] or $.type[tables]");
+
+				Value& value_fields_param=params[1];
+				if(value_fields_param.get_junction()){ // code specified
+					value_code=&value_fields_param;
+				} else if(value_fields_param.is_string()) { // one column as string was specified
+					const String &field_name=*value_fields_param.get_string();
+					if(!field_name.is_empty())
+						value_fields+=self_table.column_name2index(field_name, true);
+				} else if(Table* value_fields_table=value_fields_param.get_table()) { // list of columns were specified in table
+					for(Array_iterator<Table::element_type> i(*value_fields_table); i.has_next(); ) {
+						const String& value_field_name =*i.next()->get(0);
+						value_fields +=self_table.column_name2index(value_field_name, true);
+					}
+				} else
+					throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "value field(s) must be string or table or code");
 			}
 
-			// integers: key_field & value_fields
-			Row_info row_info={&self_table, key_field, &value_fields, result.get_hash(0)};
-			self_table.for_each(table_row_to_hash, &row_info);
+			if(value_type==C_STRING && value_fields.count()!=1)
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "you can specify only one value field with option $.type[string]");
+
+			{
+				Value* key_param=&params[0];
+				Row_info info={
+					&r,
+					&self_table,
+					/*key_code=*/key_param->get_junction() ? key_param : 0,
+					/*key_field=*/0/*filled below*/,
+					&value_fields,
+					value_code,
+					&result.hash(),
+					distinct,
+					/*row=*/0,
+					value_type
+				};
+				info.key_field=(info.key_code ? -1 : self_table.column_name2index(key_param->as_string(), true));
+
+				int saved_current=self_table.current();
+				self_table.for_each(table_row_to_hash, &info);
+				self_table.set_current(saved_current);
+
+				result.extract_default();
+			}
 		}
+	}
 	r.write_no_lang(result);
 }
 
 #ifndef DOXYGEN
 struct Table_seq_item {
-	Array *row;
+	ArrayString* row;
 	union {
-		char *c_str;
+		const char *c_str;
 		double d;
 	} value;
 };
@@ -346,334 +950,512 @@ static int sort_cmp_double(const void *a
 	else 
 		return 0;
 }
-static void _sort(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	Value& key_maker=params->as_junction(0, "key-maker must be code");
+static void _sort(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Value& key_maker=params.as_junction(0, "key-maker must be code");
 
-	bool reverse=params->size()>1/*..[desc|asc|]*/?
-		reverse=params->as_no_junction(1, "order must not be code").as_string()=="desc":
+	bool reverse=params.count()>1/*..[desc|asc|]*/?
+		reverse=params.as_no_junction(1, "order must not be code").as_string()=="desc":
 		false; // default=asc
 
-	Table& old_table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	Table& new_table=*new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, old_table.columns());
+	Table& old_table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	Table& new_table=*new Table(old_table.columns());
 
-	Table_seq_item *seq=(Table_seq_item *)pool.malloc(sizeof(Table_seq_item)*old_table.size());
+	Table_seq_item* seq=new(PointerFreeGC) Table_seq_item[old_table.count()];
 	int i;
 
 	// calculate key values
 	bool key_values_are_strings=true;
-	// save 'current'
-	int saved_current=old_table.current();
-	for(i=0; i<old_table.size(); i++) {
+	int old_count=old_table.count();
+	for(i=0; i<old_count; i++) {
 		old_table.set_current(i);
 		// calculate key value
-		seq[i].row=(MethodParams *)old_table.get(i);
-		Value& value=*r.process_to_value(key_maker).as_expr_result(true/*return string as-is*/);
+		seq[i].row=old_table[i];
+		Value& value=r.process_to_value(key_maker);
 		if(i==0) // determining key values type by first one
 			key_values_are_strings=value.is_string();
 
 		if(key_values_are_strings)
 			seq[i].value.c_str=value.as_string().cstr();
 		else
-			seq[i].value.d=value.as_double();
+			seq[i].value.d=value.as_expr_result().as_double();
+	}
+
+	// @todo: handle this elsewhere
+	if(r.charsets.source().NAME()=="KOI8-R" && key_values_are_strings) {
+		for(i=0; i<old_count; i++)
+			if(*seq[i].value.c_str)
+				seq[i].value.c_str=Charset::transcode(seq[i].value.c_str, r.charsets.source(), UTF8_charset).cstr();
 	}
-	// restore 'current'
-	old_table.set_current(saved_current);
+
 	// sort keys
-	_qsort(seq, old_table.size(), sizeof(Table_seq_item), 
-		key_values_are_strings?sort_cmp_string:sort_cmp_double);
+	qsort(seq, old_count, sizeof(Table_seq_item), key_values_are_strings?sort_cmp_string:sort_cmp_double);
 
 	// reorder table as they require in 'seq'
-	for(i=0; i<old_table.size(); i++)
-		new_table+=seq[reverse?old_table.size()-1-i:i].row;
+	for(i=0; i<old_count; i++)
+		new_table+=Table::element_type(seq[reverse?old_count-1-i:i].row);
+
+	delete[] seq;
 
 	// replace any previous table value
-	static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->set_table(new_table);
+	GET_SELF(r, VTable).set_table(new_table);
 }
 
-static bool _locate_expression(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	if(params->size()>1)
-		throw Exception("parser.runtime", 
-			&method_name,
-			"locate by expression has only one parameter - expression");
+#ifndef DOXYGEN
+struct Expression_is_true_info {
+	Request* r;
+	Value* expression_code;
+};
+#endif
+
+static bool expression_is_true(Table&, Expression_is_true_info* info) {
+	return info->r->process_to_value(*info->expression_code).as_bool();
+}
 
-	Value& expression_code=params->as_junction(0, "must be expression");
+static bool _locate_expression(Table& table, Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Value& expression_code=params.as_junction(0, "must be expression");
+	Table::Action_options o=get_action_options(r, params, 1, table);
+	if(params.count()>2)
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "locate by expression only has parameters: expression and, maybe, options");
+	Expression_is_true_info info={&r, &expression_code};
+	return table.table_first_that(expression_is_true, &info, o);
+}
+
+static bool _locate_name_value(Table& table, Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	const String& name=params.as_string(0, "column name must be string");
+	const String& value=params.as_string(1, VALUE_MUST_BE_STRING);
+	Table::Action_options o=get_action_options(r, params, 2, table);
+	return table.locate(name, value, o);
+}
+
+static void _locate(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Table& table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+
+	bool result=params[0].get_junction() || (params.count() == 1) ?
+		_locate_expression(table, r, params) :
+		_locate_name_value(table, r, params);
+	r.write_no_lang(VBool::get(result));
+}
 
-	Table& table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	int saved_current=table.current();
-	int size=table.size();
-	for(int row=0; row<size; row++) {
-		table.set_current(row);
 
-		if(r.process_to_value(expression_code).as_bool())
-			return true;
+static void _flip(Request& r, MethodParams&) {
+	Table& old_table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	Table& new_table=*new Table(0);
+	if(size_t old_count=old_table.count())
+		if(size_t old_cols=old_table.columns()?old_table.columns()->count():old_table.max_cells())
+			for(size_t column=0; column<old_cols; column++) {
+				Table::element_type new_row(new ArrayString(old_count));
+				for(size_t i=0; i<old_count; i++) {
+					Table::element_type old_row=old_table[i];
+					*new_row+=column<old_row->count()?old_row->get(column):new String;
+				}
+				new_table+=new_row;
+			}
+
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VTable(&new_table));
+}
+
+static void _foreach(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	InCycle temp(r);
+
+	const String& rownum_name=params.as_string(0, "rownum-var name must be string");
+	const String& value_name=params.as_string(1, "value-var name must be string");
+
+	Value& body_code=params.as_junction(2, "body must be code");
+	
+	Value* delim_maybe_code=params.count()>3?&params[3]:0;
+
+	Table& table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	size_t saved_current=table.current();
+
+	const String* rownum_var_name=rownum_name.is_empty()? 0 : &rownum_name;
+	const String* value_var_name=value_name.is_empty()? 0 : &value_name;
+
+	Value* var_context=r.get_method_frame()->caller();
+
+	if(delim_maybe_code) { // delimiter set
+		bool need_delim=false;
+		for(size_t row=0; row<table.count(); row++) {
+			table.set_current(row);
+
+			if(rownum_var_name)
+				r.put_element(*var_context, *rownum_var_name, new VString(*new String(String::Body::Format(row), String::L_CLEAN)));
+			if(value_var_name)
+				r.put_element(*var_context, *value_var_name, new VTable(&table));
+
+			StringOrValue sv_processed=r.process(body_code);
+			Request::Skip lskip=r.get_skip(); r.set_skip(Request::SKIP_NOTHING);
+
+			const String* s_processed=sv_processed.get_string();
+			if(s_processed && !s_processed->is_empty()) { // we have body
+				if(need_delim) // need delim & iteration produced string?
+					r.write_pass_lang(r.process(*delim_maybe_code));
+				else
+					need_delim=true;
+			}
+
+			r.write_pass_lang(sv_processed);
+
+			if(lskip==Request::SKIP_BREAK)
+				break;
+		}
+	} else {
+		for(size_t row=0; row<table.count(); row++) {
+			table.set_current(row);
+ 
+			if(rownum_var_name)
+				r.put_element(*var_context, *rownum_var_name, new VString(*new String(String::Body::Format(row), String::L_CLEAN)));
+			if(value_var_name)
+				r.put_element(*var_context, *value_var_name, new VTable(&table));
+
+			r.process_write(body_code);
+			Request::Skip lskip=r.get_skip(); r.set_skip(Request::SKIP_NOTHING);
+ 
+			if(lskip==Request::SKIP_BREAK)
+				break;
+		}
 	}
 	table.set_current(saved_current);
-	return false;
-}
-static bool _locate_name_value(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	if(params->size()>2)
-		throw Exception("parser.runtime", 
-			&method_name,
-			"locate by name and value has only two parameters - name and value");
-
-	Table& table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	return table.locate(
-		params->as_string(0, "column name must be string"),
-		params->as_string(1, "value must be string")
-	);
 }
-static void _locate(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	bool result=params->get(0).get_junction()?
-		_locate_expression(r, method_name, params) :
-		_locate_name_value(r, method_name, params);
-	r.write_no_lang(*new(pool) VBool(pool, result));
-}
-
-static void _flip(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	Table& old_table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	Table& new_table=*new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, 0/*nameless*/);
-	if(old_table.size())
-		if(int old_cols=old_table.at(0).size()) 
-			for(int column=0; column<old_cols; column++) {
-				Array& new_row=*new(pool) Array(pool, old_table.size());
-				for(int i=0; i<old_table.size(); i++) {
-					const Array& old_row=old_table.at(i);
-					new_row+=column<old_row.size()?old_row.get(column):new(pool) String(pool);
-				}
-				new_table+=&new_row;
-			}
 
-	r.write_no_lang(*new(pool) VTable(pool, &new_table));
+static void update_cell(HashStringValue::key_type aname, HashStringValue::value_type avalue, VTable *dest) {
+	dest->put_element(String(aname, String::L_CLEAN), avalue); // new not required
 }
 
-static void _append(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	// data
-	Temp_lang temp_lang(r, String::UL_PASS_APPENDED);
-	const String& string=
-		r.process_to_string(params->as_junction(0, "body must be code"));
+inline Table::element_type row_from_string(Request& r, Value &param){
+	if(!param.is_string() && !param.get_junction())
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "row must be string, code or hash");
+
+	Temp_lang temp_lang(r, String::L_PASS_APPENDED);
+	const String& string=r.process_to_string(param);
 
 	// parse cells
-	Array& row=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-	string.split(row, 0, "\t", 1, String::UL_AS_IS);
+	Table::element_type row=new ArrayString;
+	size_t pos_after=0;
+	string.split(*row, pos_after, "\t", String::L_AS_IS);
 
-	static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table()+=&row;
+	return row;
 }
 
-static void _join(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
+static void _append(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	VTable vtable=GET_SELF(r, VTable);
+	Table& table=vtable.table();
+
+	HashStringValue* hash=params[0].get_hash();
+	if(hash){
+		table+=new ArrayString();
+		size_t saved_current=table.current();
+		table.set_current(table.count()-1);
+		hash->for_each<VTable*>(update_cell, &vtable);
+		table.set_current(saved_current);
+	} else {
+		table+=row_from_string(r, params[0]);
+	}
+}
 
-	Table *maybe_src=params->as_no_junction(0, "table ref must not be code").get_table();
-	if(!maybe_src)
-		throw Exception("parser.runtime", 
-			&method_name, 
-			"source is not a table");
+static void _insert(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	VTable vtable=GET_SELF(r, VTable);
+	Table& table=vtable.table();
+	HashStringValue* hash=params[0].get_hash();
+	if(hash){
+		table.insert(table.current(), new ArrayString());
+		hash->for_each<VTable*>(update_cell, &vtable);
+	} else {
+		table.insert(table.current(), row_from_string(r, params[0]));
+	}
+}
 
-	Table& src=*maybe_src;
-	Table& dest=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	if(&src == &dest)
-		throw Exception("parser.runtime", 
-			&method_name, 
-			"source and destination are same table");
-
-	if(const Array *dest_columns=dest.columns()) { // dest is named
-		int saved_src_current=src.current();
-		for(int src_row=0; src_row<src.size(); src_row++) {
-			src.set_current(src_row);
-			Array& dest_row=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-			for(int dest_column=0; dest_column<dest_columns->size(); dest_column++) {
-				const String *src_item=src.item(*dest_columns->get_string(dest_column));
-				dest_row+=src_item?src_item:new(pool) String(pool);
-			}
-			dest+=&dest_row;
-		}
-		src.set_current(saved_src_current);
-	} else { // dest is nameless
-		for(int src_row=0; src_row<src.size(); src_row++)
-			dest+=&src.at(src_row);
+static void _delete(Request& r, MethodParams&) {
+	Table& table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	table.remove_current();
+}
+
+static void join_named_row(Table& src, Table* dest) {
+	Table::columns_type dest_columns=dest->columns();
+	size_t dest_columns_count=dest_columns->count();
+	Table::element_type dest_row(new ArrayString(dest_columns_count));
+	for(size_t dest_column=0; dest_column<dest_columns_count; dest_column++) {
+		const String* src_item=src.item(*dest_columns->get(dest_column));
+		*dest_row+=src_item?src_item:new String;
 	}
+	*dest+=dest_row;
+}
+static void join_nameless_row(Table& src, Table* dest) {
+	*dest+=src[src.current()];
+}
+static void _join(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Table& src=*params.as_table(0, "source");
+
+	Table::Action_options o=get_action_options(r, params, 1, src);
+
+	Table& dest=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	if(&src == &dest)
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, "source and destination are same table");
+
+	if(dest.columns()) // dest is named
+		src.table_for_each(join_named_row, &dest, o);
+	else // dest is nameless
+		src.table_for_each(join_nameless_row, &dest, o);
 }
 
 #ifndef DOXYGEN
-class Table_sql_event_handlers : public SQL_Driver_query_event_handlers {
+class Table_sql_event_handlers: public SQL_Driver_query_event_handlers {
+	ArrayString& columns;
+	int columns_count;
+	ArrayString* row;
 public:
-	Table_sql_event_handlers(Pool& apool, const String& amethod_name,
-		const String& astatement_string, const char *astatement_cstr) :
-		pool(apool), 
-		method_name(amethod_name),
-		statement_string(astatement_string),
-		statement_cstr(astatement_cstr),
-		columns(*new(pool) Array(pool)),
-		row(0), 
-		table(0)
-	{
+	Table* table;
+public:
+	Table_sql_event_handlers() :
+		columns(*new ArrayString), row(0), table(0) {
 	}
 
-	void add_column(void *ptr, size_t size) {
-		String *column=new(pool) String(pool);
-		column->APPEND_TAINTED(
-			(const char *)ptr, size, 
-			statement_cstr, 0);
-		columns+=column;
-	}
-	void before_rows() { 
-		table=new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, &columns);
-	}
-	void add_row() {
-		(*table)+=(row=new(pool) Array(pool));
-	}
-	void add_row_cell(void *ptr, size_t size) {
-		String *cell=new(pool) String(pool);
-		if(size)
-			cell->APPEND_TAINTED(
-				(const char *)ptr, size, 
-				statement_cstr, table->size()-1);
-		(*row)+=cell;
-	}
-
-private:
-	Pool& pool;
-	const String& method_name;
-	const String& statement_string; const char *statement_cstr;
-	Array& columns;
-	Array *row;
-public:
-	Table *table;
+	bool add_column(SQL_Error& error, const char *str, size_t ) {
+		try {
+			columns+=new String(str, String::L_TAINTED /* no length as 0x00 can be inside */);
+			return false;
+		} catch(...) {
+			error=SQL_Error("exception occured in Table_sql_event_handlers::add_column");
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+	bool before_rows(SQL_Error& error) { 
+		try {
+			table=new Table(&columns);
+			columns_count=columns.count();
+			return false;
+		} catch(...) {
+			error=SQL_Error("exception occured in Table_sql_event_handlers::before_rows");
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+	bool add_row(SQL_Error& error) {
+		try {
+			*table+=row=new ArrayString(columns_count);
+			return false;
+		} catch(...) {
+			error=SQL_Error("exception occured in Table_sql_event_handlers::add_row");
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+	bool add_row_cell(SQL_Error& error, const char* str, size_t ) {
+		try {
+			*row+=str?new String(str, String::L_TAINTED /* no length as 0x00 can be inside */):&String::Empty;
+			return false;
+		} catch(...) {
+			error=SQL_Error("exception occured in Table_sql_event_handlers::add_row_cell");
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
 };
 #endif
-static void _sql(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
 
-	Value& statement=params->as_junction(0, "statement must be code");
+static void marshal_bind(
+						 HashStringValue::key_type aname, 
+						 HashStringValue::value_type avalue,
+						 SQL_Driver::Placeholder** pptr) 
+{
+	SQL_Driver::Placeholder& ph=**pptr;
+	ph.name=aname.cstr();
+	ph.value=avalue->as_string().untaint_cstr(String::L_AS_IS);
+	ph.is_null=avalue->get_class()==void_class;
+	ph.were_updated=false;
+
+	(*pptr)++;
+}
+
+// not static, used elsewhere
+int marshal_binds(HashStringValue& hash, SQL_Driver::Placeholder*& placeholders) {
+	int hash_count=hash.count();
+	placeholders=new SQL_Driver::Placeholder[hash_count];
+	SQL_Driver::Placeholder* ptr=placeholders;
+	hash.for_each<SQL_Driver::Placeholder**>(marshal_bind, &ptr);
+	return hash_count;
+}
+
+// not static, used elsewhere
+void unmarshal_bind_updates(HashStringValue& hash, int placeholder_count, SQL_Driver::Placeholder* placeholders) {
+	SQL_Driver::Placeholder* ph=placeholders;
+	for(int i=0; i<placeholder_count; i++, ph++)
+		if(ph->were_updated) {
+			Value* value;
+			if(ph->is_null)
+				value=VVoid::get();
+			else
+				value=new VString(*new String(ph->value, String::L_TAINTED));
+			hash.put(ph->name, value);
+		}
+}
+
+static void _sql(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Value& statement=params.as_junction(0, "statement must be code");
 
-	ulong limit=0;
+	HashStringValue* bind=0;
+	ulong limit=SQL_NO_LIMIT;
 	ulong offset=0;
-	if(params->size()>1) {
-		Value& voptions=params->as_no_junction(1, "options must be hash, not code");
-		if(voptions.is_defined())
-			if(Hash *options=voptions.get_hash(&method_name)) {
-				if(Value *vlimit=(Value *)options->get(*sql_limit_name))
-					limit=(ulong)r.process_to_value(*vlimit).as_double();
-				if(Value *voffset=(Value *)options->get(*sql_offset_name))
-					offset=(ulong)r.process_to_value(*voffset).as_double();
-			} else
-				throw Exception("parser.runtime",
-					&method_name,
-					"options must be hash");
-	}
-
-	Temp_lang temp_lang(r, String::UL_SQL);
-	const String& statement_string=r.process_to_string(statement);
-	const char *statement_cstr=
-		statement_string.cstr(String::UL_UNSPECIFIED, r.connection(&method_name));
-	Table_sql_event_handlers handlers(pool, method_name,
-		statement_string, statement_cstr);
-	try {
-#ifdef RESOURCES_DEBUG
-	struct timeval mt[2];
-	//measure:before
-	gettimeofday(&mt[0],NULL);
-#endif	
-		r.connection(&method_name)->query(
-			statement_cstr, offset, limit, 
-			handlers);
-	
-#ifdef RESOURCES_DEBUG
-		//measure:after connect
-	gettimeofday(&mt[1],NULL);
+	if(params.count()>1)
+		if(HashStringValue* options=params.as_hash(1, "sql options")) {
+			int valid_options=0;
+			if(Value* vbind=options->get(sql_bind_name)) {
+				valid_options++;
+				bind=vbind->get_hash();
+			}
+			if(Value* vlimit=options->get(sql_limit_name)) {
+				valid_options++;
+				limit=(ulong)r.process_to_value(*vlimit).as_double();
+			}
+			if(Value* voffset=options->get(sql_offset_name)) {
+				valid_options++;
+				offset=(ulong)r.process_to_value(*voffset).as_double();
+			}
+			if(valid_options!=options->count())
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, CALLED_WITH_INVALID_OPTION);
+		}
+
+	SQL_Driver::Placeholder* placeholders=0;
+	uint placeholders_count=0;
+	if(bind)
+		placeholders_count=marshal_binds(*bind, placeholders);
+
+	Temp_lang temp_lang(r, String::L_SQL);
+	const String&  statement_string=r.process_to_string(statement);
+	const char* statement_cstr=statement_string.untaint_cstr(r.flang, r.connection());
+
+	Table_sql_event_handlers handlers;
+
+	r.connection()->query(
+		statement_cstr, 
+		placeholders_count, placeholders,
+		offset, limit, 
+		handlers,
+		statement_string);
 	
-	double t[2];
-	for(int i=0;i<2;i++)
-	    t[i]=mt[i].tv_sec+mt[i].tv_usec/1000000.0;
-	    
-	r.sql_request_time+=t[1]-t[0];
-#endif	    			
-	} catch(const Exception& e) { // query problem
-		// more specific source [were url]
-		throw Exception("sql.execute", 
-			&statement_string, 
-			"%s", e.comment());
-	}
-
-	Table *result=
-		handlers.table?handlers.table: // query resulted in table? return it
-		new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, 0); // query returned no table, fake it
+	if(bind)
+		unmarshal_bind_updates(*bind, placeholders_count, placeholders);
+
+	Table& result=
+		handlers.table?*handlers.table: // query resulted in table? return it
+		*new Table(Table::columns_type(0)); // query returned no table, fake it
 
 	// replace any previous table value
-	static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->set_table(*result);
+	GET_SELF(r, VTable).set_table(result);
 }
 
-static void _columns(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-
-	Array& result_columns=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-	result_columns+=new(pool) String(pool, "column");
-	Table& result_table=*new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, &result_columns);
+static void _columns(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	const String* column_column_name;
+	if(params.count()>0)
+		column_column_name=&params.as_string(0, COLUMN_NAME_MUST_BE_STRING);
+	else 
+		column_column_name=new String("column");
 
-	Table& source_table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	if(const Array *source_columns=source_table.columns()) {
-		Array_iter i(*source_columns);
-		while(i.has_next()) {
-			Array& result_row=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-			result_row+=i.next();
-			result_table+=&result_row;
+	Table::columns_type result_columns(new ArrayString);
+	*result_columns+=column_column_name;
+	Table& result_table=*new Table(result_columns);
+
+	Table& source_table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	if(Table::columns_type source_columns=source_table.columns()) {
+		for(Array_iterator<const String*> i(*source_columns); i.has_next(); ) {
+			Table::element_type result_row(new ArrayString);
+			*result_row+=i.next();
+			result_table+=result_row;
 		}
 	}
 
-	r.write_no_lang(*new(pool) VTable(pool, &result_table));
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VTable(&result_table));
 }
 
-static void _select(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
+static void _select(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Value& vcondition=params.as_expression(0, "condition must be number, bool or expression");
 
-	Value& vcondition=params->as_junction(0, "condition must be expression");
+	Table& source_table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
 
-	Table& source_table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	Table& result_table=*new(pool) Table(pool, 
-		source_table.origin_string(), 
-		source_table.columns()
-	);
+	int limit=source_table.count();
+	int offset=0;
+	bool reverse=false;
+	
+	if(params.count()>1)
+		if(HashStringValue* options=params.as_hash(1)) {
+			int valid_options=0;
+			if(Value* vlimit=options->get(sql_limit_name)) {
+				valid_options++;
+				limit=r.process_to_value(*vlimit).as_int();
+			}
+			if(Value* voffset=options->get(sql_offset_name)) {
+				valid_options++;
+				offset=r.process_to_value(*voffset).as_int();
+			}
+			if(Value* vreverse=options->get(table_reverse_name)) {
+				valid_options++;
+				reverse=r.process_to_value(*vreverse).as_bool();
+			}
+			if(valid_options!=options->count())
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 0, CALLED_WITH_INVALID_OPTION);
+		}
+
+	Table& result_table=*new Table(source_table.columns());
 
-	int saved_current=source_table.current();
-	int size=source_table.size();
-	for(int row=0; row<size; row++) {
-		source_table.set_current(row);
+	size_t size=source_table.count();
+	if(offset<0)
+		offset+=size;
+	if(size && limit>0 && offset>=0 && (size_t)offset<size){
+		size_t saved_current=source_table.current();
+		size_t appended=0;
+
+		if(reverse){
+			for(size_t row=size-1; result_table.count() < (size_t)limit; row--) {
+				source_table.set_current(row);
+
+				bool condition=r.process_to_value(vcondition, false/*don't intercept string*/).as_bool();
+
+				if(condition && ++appended > (size_t)offset) // ...condition is true, adding to the result
+					result_table+=source_table[row];
+				if(row==0) break;
+			}
+		} else {
+			for(size_t row=0; row < size && result_table.count() < (size_t)limit; row++) {
+				source_table.set_current(row);
 
-		bool condition=r.process_to_value(vcondition, 
-				/*0/*no name* /,*/
-				false/*don't intercept string*/).as_bool();
+				bool condition=r.process_to_value(vcondition, false/*don't intercept string*/).as_bool();
 
-		if(condition) // ...condition is true=
-			result_table+=&source_table.at(row); // =green light to go to result
+				if(condition && ++appended > (size_t)offset) // ...condition is true, adding to the result
+					result_table+=source_table[row];
+			}
+		}
+		source_table.set_current(saved_current);
 	}
-	source_table.set_current(saved_current);
 
-	r.write_no_lang(*new(pool) VTable(pool, &result_table));
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VTable(&result_table));
 }
 
 // constructor
 
-MTable::MTable(Pool& apool) : Methoded(apool, "table") {
+MTable::MTable(): Methoded("table") {
 	// ^table::create{data}
 	// ^table::create[nameless]{data}
 	// ^table::create[table]
-	add_native_method("create", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _create, 1, 2);
+	add_native_method("create", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _create, 1, 3);
 	// old name for compatibility with <= v 1.141 2002/01/25 11:33:45 paf
-	add_native_method("set", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _create, 1, 2); 
+	add_native_method("set", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _create, 1, 3); 
 
 	// ^table::load[file]  
 	// ^table::load[nameless;file]
-	add_native_method("load", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _load, 1, 2);
+	add_native_method("load", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _load, 1, 3);
 
 	// ^table.save[file]  
 	// ^table.save[nameless;file]
-	add_native_method("save", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _save, 1, 2);
+	add_native_method("save", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _save, 1, 3);
+
+	// add_native_method("save_old", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _save_old, 1, 3);
+
+	// ^table.csv-string[]
+	// ^table.csv-string[nameless]
+	// ^table.csv-string[nameless;$.encloser["] $.separator[,]]
+	add_native_method("csv-string", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _csv_string, 0, 2);
 
 	// ^table.count[]
-	add_native_method("count", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _count, 0, 0);
+	// ^table.count[rows]
+	// ^table.count[columns]
+	// ^table.count[cells]
+	add_native_method("count", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _count, 0, 1);
 
 	// ^table.line[]
 	add_native_method("line", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _line, 0, 0);
@@ -687,44 +1469,44 @@ MTable::MTable(Pool& apool) : Methoded(a
 	// ^table.menu{code}[delim]
 	add_native_method("menu", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _menu, 1, 2);
 
-	// ^table:hash[key field name]
-	// ^table:hash[key field name][value field name(s) string/table]
-	add_native_method("hash", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _hash, 1, 2);
+	// ^table.hash[key field name]
+	// ^table.hash[key field name][value field name(s) string/table]
+	add_native_method("hash", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _hash, 1, 3);
 
 	// ^table.sort{string-key-maker} ^table.sort{string-key-maker}[desc|asc]
 	// ^table.sort(numeric-key-maker) ^table.sort(numeric-key-maker)[desc|asc]
 	add_native_method("sort", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _sort, 1, 2);
 
 	// ^table.locate[field;value]
-	add_native_method("locate", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _locate, 1, 2);
+	add_native_method("locate", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _locate, 1, 3);
 
 	// ^table.flip[]
 	add_native_method("flip", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _flip, 0, 0);
 
-	// ^table.append{r{tab}e{tab}c{tab}o{tab}r{tab}d}
-	add_native_method("append", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _append, 1, 1);
+	// ^table.foreach[row-num;value]{code}
+	// ^table.foreach[row-num;value]{code}[delim]
+	add_native_method("foreach", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _foreach, 3, 4);
 
-	// ^table.join[table]
-	add_native_method("join", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _join, 1, 1);
+	// ^table.append{row{tab}data}
+	add_native_method("append", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _append, 1, 1);
 
+	// ^table.insert{row{tab}data} before current row
+	add_native_method("insert", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _insert, 1, 1);
 
-	// ^table:sql[query]
-	// ^table:sql[query][$.limit(1) $.offset(2)]
-	add_native_method("sql", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _sql, 1, 2);
+	// ^table.delete[] current row
+	add_native_method("delete", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _delete, 0, 0);
 
-	// ^table:columns[]
-	add_native_method("columns", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _columns, 0, 0);
+	// ^table.join[table][$.limit(10) $.offset(1) $.offset[cur] ]
+	add_native_method("join", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _join, 1, 2);
 
-	// ^table.select(expression) = table
-	add_native_method("select", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _select, 1, 1);
-}
 
-// global variable
-
-Methoded *table_class;
+	// ^table::sql[query]
+	// ^table::sql[query][$.limit(1) $.offset(2)]
+	add_native_method("sql", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _sql, 1, 2);
 
-// creator
+	// ^table.columns[[column name]]
+	add_native_method("columns", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _columns, 0, 1);
 
-Methoded *MTable_create(Pool& pool) {
-	return table_class=new(pool) MTable(pool);
+	// ^table.select(expression) = table
+	add_native_method("select", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _select, 1, 2);
 }