--- parser3/src/classes/table.C	2001/07/07 17:59:02	1.91
+++ parser3/src/classes/table.C	2008/05/27 19:01:46	1.243
@@ -1,441 +1,859 @@
 /** @file
 	Parser: @b table parser class.
 
-	Copyright (c) 2001 ArtLebedev Group (http://www.artlebedev.com)
-
-	Author: Alexander Petrosyan <paf@design.ru> (http://design.ru/paf)
+	Copyright (c) 2001-2005 ArtLebedev Group (http://www.artlebedev.com)
+	Author: Alexandr Petrosian <paf@design.ru> (http://paf.design.ru)
 */
-static const char *RCSId="$Id: table.C,v 1.91 2001/07/07 17:59:02 parser Exp $"; 
 
-#include "pa_config_includes.h"
+static const char * const IDENT_TABLE_C="$Date: 2008/05/27 19:01:46 $";
 
-#include "pcre.h"
+#ifndef NO_STRINGSTREAM
+#include <sstream>
+using namespace std;
+#endif
 
 #include "classes.h"
+#include "pa_vmethod_frame.h"
+
 #include "pa_common.h"
 #include "pa_request.h"
 #include "pa_vtable.h"
 #include "pa_vint.h"
 #include "pa_sql_connection.h"
-#include "pa_dir.h"
 #include "pa_vbool.h"
 
-// defines
-
-#define TABLE_CLASS_NAME "table"
-
 // class
 
-class MTable : public Methoded {
+class MTable: public Methoded {
 public: // VStateless_class
-	Value *create_new_value(Pool& pool) { return new(pool) VTable(pool); }
+	Value* create_new_value(Pool&, HashStringValue&) { return new VTable(); }
 
 public:
-	MTable(Pool& pool);
+	MTable();
 
 public: // Methoded
 	bool used_directly() { return true; }
 };
 
-// methods
+// global variable
 
-static void _set(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	// data is last parameter
-	Value& vdata=params->as_junction(params->size()-1, "body must be code");
+DECLARE_CLASS_VAR(table, new MTable, 0);
 
-	Temp_lang temp_lang(r, String::UL_PASS_APPENDED);
-	const String& data=r.process(vdata).as_string();
+// externs
 
-	size_t pos_after=0;
-	// parse columns
-	Array *columns;
-	if(params->size()==2) {
-		columns=0;
-	} else {
-		columns=new(pool) Array(pool);
+extern String cycle_data_name;
+
+#define TABLE_REVERSE_NAME "reverse"
 
-		Array head(pool);
-		data.split(head, &pos_after, "\n", 1, String::UL_CLEAN, 1);
-		if(head.size())
-			head.get_string(0)->split(*columns, 0, "\t", 1, String::UL_CLEAN);
+// globals
+
+String sql_bind_name(SQL_BIND_NAME);
+String sql_limit_name(PA_SQL_LIMIT_NAME);
+String sql_offset_name(PA_SQL_OFFSET_NAME);
+String sql_default_name(SQL_DEFAULT_NAME);
+String sql_distinct_name(SQL_DISTINCT_NAME);
+String sql_value_type_name(SQL_VALUE_TYPE_NAME);
+String table_reverse_name(TABLE_REVERSE_NAME);
+
+// methods
+
+static Table::Action_options get_action_options(Request& r, MethodParams& params, 
+						const Table& source) {
+	Table::Action_options result;
+	if(!params.count())
+		return result;
+
+	Value& maybe_options=params.last();
+/* can not do it: 
+	want to enable ^table::create[$source;
+#		$.option[]
+	]
+	but there is ^table.locate[name;value]
+
+	...if(voptions.is_defined() && !voptions.is_string()))
+	if(maybe_options.is_string()) { // allow empty options
+		result.defined=true;
+		return result;
+	}
+*/
+	HashStringValue* options=maybe_options.get_hash();
+	if(!options)
+		return result;
+
+	result.defined=true;
+	bool defined_offset=false;
+
+	int valid_options=0;
+	if(Value* voffset=options->get(sql_offset_name)) {
+		valid_options++;
+		defined_offset=true;
+		if(voffset->is_string()) {
+			const String&  soffset=*voffset->get_string();
+			if(soffset == "cur")
+				result.offset=source.current();
+			else
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+					&soffset,
+					"must be 'cur' string or expression");
+		} else 
+			result.offset=r.process_to_value(*voffset).as_int();
 	}
+	if(Value* vlimit=options->get(sql_limit_name)) {
+		valid_options++;
+		result.limit=r.process_to_value(*vlimit).as_int();
+	}
+	if(Value *vreverse=(Value *)options->get(table_reverse_name)) { 
+		valid_options++; 
+		result.reverse=r.process_to_value(*vreverse).as_bool(); 
+		if(result.reverse && !defined_offset) 
+			result.offset=source.count()-1; 
+	} 
+
+	if(valid_options!=options->count())
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+			0,
+			"called with invalid option");
+
+	return result;
+}
+static void check_option_param(bool options_defined, 
+			  MethodParams& params, size_t next_param_index,
+			  const char *msg) {
+	if(next_param_index+(options_defined?1:0) != params.count())
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+			0,
+			"%s", msg);
+}
+
+struct TableSeparators {
+	char column;  const String* scolumn;
+	char encloser; const String* sencloser;
+
+	TableSeparators():
+		column('\t'), scolumn(new String("\t", false)),
+		encloser(0), sencloser(0)
+	{}
+	int load( HashStringValue& options ) {
+		int result=0;
+		if(Value* vseparator=options.get(PA_COLUMN_SEPARATOR_NAME)) {
+			scolumn=&vseparator->as_string();
+			if(scolumn->length()!=1)
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+					scolumn,
+					"separator must be one character long");
+			column=scolumn->first_char();
+			result++;
+		}
+		if(Value* vencloser=options.get(PA_COLUMN_ENCLOSER_NAME)) {
+			sencloser=&vencloser->as_string();
+			if(sencloser->length()!=1)
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+					sencloser,
+					"encloser must be one character long");
+			encloser=sencloser->first_char();
+			result++;
+		}
+		return result;
+	}
+};
 
-	Table& table=*new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, columns);
-	// parse cells
-	Array rows(pool);
-	data.split(rows, &pos_after, "\n", 1, String::UL_CLEAN);
-	int size=rows.quick_size();
-	for(int i=0; i<size; i++) {
-		Array& row=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-		const String& string=*rows.quick_get_string(i);
-		// remove empty lines
-		if(!string.size())
-			continue;
+static void _create(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	// clone/copy part?
+	if(Table *source=params[0].get_table()) {
+		Table::Action_options o=get_action_options(r, params, *source);
+		check_option_param(o.defined, params, 1, 
+			"too many parameters");
+		GET_SELF(r, VTable).set_table(*new Table(*source, o));
+		return;
+	}
 
-		string.split(row, 0, "\t", 1, String::UL_CLEAN);
-		table+=&row;
+	size_t data_param_index=0;
+	bool nameless=false;
+
+	if(params.count()>1) {
+		if(params[0].is_string()){ // can be nameless only
+			const String& snameless=params.as_string(0, "called with more then 1 param, first param may be only string 'nameless' or junction");
+			if(snameless!="nameless")
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+					&snameless,
+					"table::create called with more then 1 param, first param may be only 'nameless'");
+			nameless=true;
+			data_param_index++;
+		}
 	}
 
-	// replace any previous table value
-	static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->set_table(table);
-}
+	HashStringValue *options=0;
+	TableSeparators separators;
 
-static void _load(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	// filename is last parameter
-	Value& vfilename=params->as_no_junction(params->size()-1, 
-		"file name must not be code");
+	size_t options_param_index=data_param_index+1;
+	if(
+		options_param_index<params.count()
+		&& (options=params.as_no_junction(options_param_index, "additional params must be hash").get_hash())
+	) {
+		// cloning, so that we could change
+		options=new HashStringValue(*options);
+		separators.load(*options);
+		if(separators.encloser){
+			throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+				0,
+				"encloser not supported for table::create yet");
+		}
+	}
 
-	// loading text
-	char *data=file_read_text(pool, r.absolute(vfilename.as_string()));
+	// data
+	Temp_lang temp_lang(r, String::L_PASS_APPENDED);
+	const String&  data=
+		r.process_to_string(params.as_junction(data_param_index, "body must be code"));
 
 	// parse columns
-	Array *columns;
-#ifndef NO_STRING_ORIGIN
-	const Origin& origin=method_name.origin();
-	const char *file=origin.file;
-	uint line=origin.line;
-#endif
-	if(params->size()==2) {
-		columns=0;
+	size_t raw_pos_after=0;
+	Table::columns_type columns;
+
+	if(nameless){
+		columns=Table::columns_type(0); // nameless
 	} else {
-		columns=new(pool) Array(pool);
+		columns=Table::columns_type(new ArrayString);
 
-		if(char *row_chars=getrow(&data)) 
-			do {
-				String *name=new(pool) String(pool);
-				name->APPEND_TAINTED(lsplit(&row_chars, '\t'), 0, file, line++);
-				*columns+=name;
-			} while(row_chars);
+		ArrayString head;
+		data.split(head, raw_pos_after, "\n", String::L_AS_IS, 1);
+		if(head.count()) {
+			size_t col_pos_after=0;
+			head[0]->split(*columns, col_pos_after, *separators.scolumn, String::L_AS_IS);
+		}
 	}
 
+	Table& table=*new Table(columns);
 	// parse cells
-	Table& table=*new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, columns);
-	char *row_chars;
-	while(row_chars=getrow(&data)) {
-		if(!*row_chars) // remove empty lines
+
+	ArrayString rows;
+	data.split(rows, raw_pos_after, "\n", String::L_AS_IS);
+	Array_iterator<const String*> i(rows);
+	while(i.has_next()) {
+		Table::element_type row(new ArrayString);
+		const String&  string=*i.next();
+		// remove comment lines
+		if(!string.length())
 			continue;
-		Array *row=new(pool) Array(pool);
-		while(char *cell_chars=lsplit(&row_chars, '\t')) {
-			String *cell=new(pool) String(pool);
-			cell->APPEND_TAINTED(cell_chars, 0, file, line);
-			*row+=cell;
-		}
-		line++;
+
+		size_t col_pos_after=0;
+		string.split(*row, col_pos_after, *separators.scolumn, String::L_AS_IS);
 		table+=row;
-	};
+	}
 
 	// replace any previous table value
-	static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->set_table(table);
+	GET_SELF(r, VTable).set_table(table);
 }
 
-static Table *fill_month_days(Request& r, 
-							  const String& method_name, MethodParams *params, bool rus){
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	Table *result=new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, 0/*&columns*/);
-
-    int year=params->as_int(1, r);
-    int month=max(1, min(params->as_int(2, r), 12)) -1;
-
-    tm tmIn={0, 0, 0, 1, month, year-1900};
-    time_t t=mktime(&tmIn);
-	if(t<0)
-		PTHROW(0, 0, 
-			&method_name, 
-			"invalid date");
-    tm *tmOut=localtime(&t);
-
-    int weekDay1=tmOut->tm_wday;
-	if(rus) 
-		weekDay1=weekDay1?weekDay1-1:6; //sunday last
-    int monthDays=getMonthDays(year, month);
-    
-    for(int _day=1-weekDay1; _day<=monthDays;) {
-		Array& row=*new(pool) Array(pool, 7);
-    	for(int wday=0; wday<7; wday++, _day++) {
-        	String *cell;
-			if(_day>=1 && _day<=monthDays) {
-				char *buf=(char *)malloc(2+1); 
-				sprintf(buf, "%02d", _day); 
-				cell=new(pool) String(pool, buf);
-            } else
-				cell=new(pool) String(pool);
-			row+=cell;            
-        }
-    	*result+=&row;
+struct lsplit_result {
+	char* piece;
+	char delim;
+
+	operator bool() { return piece!=0; }
+};
+
+inline lsplit_result lsplit(char* string, char delim1, char delim2) {
+	lsplit_result result;
+    if(string) {
+		char delims[]={delim1, delim2, 0};
+		if(char* v=strpbrk(string, delims)) {
+			result.delim=*v;
+			*v=0;
+			result.piece=v+1;
+			return result;
+		}
     }
-    
+	result.piece=0;
+	result.delim=0;
+    return result;
+}
+
+inline lsplit_result lsplit(char* *string_ref, char delim1, char delim2) {
+    lsplit_result result;
+	result.piece=*string_ref;
+	lsplit_result next=lsplit(*string_ref, delim1, delim2);
+	result.delim=next.delim;
+	*string_ref=next.piece;
     return result;
 }
 
-static Table *fill_week_days(Request& r, 
-							 const String& method_name, MethodParams *params, bool rus){
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	Array& columns=*new(pool) Array(pool, 4);
-	columns+=new(pool) String(pool, "year");
-	columns+=new(pool) String(pool, "month");
-	columns+=new(pool) String(pool, "day");
-	columns+=new(pool) String(pool, "weekday");
-	Table *result=new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, &columns);
-
-    int year=params->as_int(1, r);
-    int month=max(1, min(params->as_int(2, r), 12)) -1;
-    int day=params->as_int(3, r);
-    
-    tm tmIn={0, 0, 18, day, month, year-1900};
-    time_t t=mktime(&tmIn);
-	if(t<0)
-		PTHROW(0, 0, 
-			&method_name, 
-			"invalid date");
-    tm *tmOut=localtime(&t);
-    
-    int baseWeekDay=tmOut->tm_wday;
-	if(rus) 
-		baseWeekDay=baseWeekDay?baseWeekDay-1:6; //sunday last
-
-    t-=baseWeekDay*SECS_PER_DAY;
-
-    for(int curWeekDay=0; curWeekDay<7; curWeekDay++, t+=SECS_PER_DAY) {
-        tm *tmOut=localtime(&t);
-		Array& row=*new(pool) Array(pool, 4);
-		{char *buf=(char *)malloc(4+1); sprintf(buf, "%04d", 1900+tmOut->tm_year); row+=new(pool) String(pool, buf);}
-		{char *buf=(char *)malloc(2+1); sprintf(buf, "%02d", 1+tmOut->tm_mon); row+=new(pool) String(pool, buf);}
-		{char *buf=(char *)malloc(2+1); sprintf(buf, "%02d", tmOut->tm_mday); row+=new(pool) String(pool, buf);}
-		{char *buf=(char *)malloc(2+1); sprintf(buf, "%02d", tmOut->tm_wday); row+=new(pool) String(pool, buf);}
-        *result+=&row;
+static lsplit_result lsplit(char** string_ref, char delim1, char delim2, char encloser) {
+	lsplit_result result;
+
+    if(char* string=*string_ref) {
+		if(encloser && *string==encloser) {
+            string++;
+			
+			char *read;
+			char *write;
+			write=read=string;
+			char c;
+			while((c=*read++)) {
+				if(c==encloser) {
+					char n=*read;
+					if(n==encloser) // double-encloser stands for encloser
+						read++;
+					else if(n==delim1 || n==delim2) {
+						result.delim=n;
+						read++;
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+
+				*write++=c;
+			}
+			*write=0; // terminate
+			*string_ref=c? read: 0;
+			result.piece=string;
+			return result;
+		} else
+			return lsplit(string_ref, delim1, delim2);
     }
-    
+	result.piece=0;
     return result;
 }
 
-static void _calendar(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
+static void skip_empty_and_comment_lines( char** data_ref ) {
+	if(char *data=*data_ref) {
+		while( char c=*data ) {
+			if( c== '\n' || c == '#' ) {
+				/*nowhere=*/getrow(&data); // remove empty&comment lines
+				if(!(*data_ref=data))
+					break;
+				continue;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void _load(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	const String&  first_param=params.as_string(0, FILE_NAME_MUST_BE_STRING);
+	int filename_param_index=0;
+	bool nameless=first_param=="nameless";
+	if(nameless)
+		filename_param_index++;
+	size_t options_param_index=filename_param_index+1;
+
+	HashStringValue *options=0;
+	TableSeparators separators;
+	if(options_param_index<params.count()
+		&& (options=params.as_no_junction(options_param_index, "additional params must be hash").get_hash())) {
+		// cloning, so that we could change [to simplify checks on params inside file_read_text
+		options=new HashStringValue(*options);
+		separators.load(*options);
+	}
 
-	const String& what=params->as_string(0, "'what' must be rus|eng");
-	bool rus=false;
-	if(what == "rus")
-		rus=true;
-	else if(what == "eng")
-		rus=false;
-	else
-		PTHROW(0, 0, 
-			&what, 
-			"must be rus|eng");
-
-	Table *result=0;
-	if(params->size()==1+2) 
-		result=fill_month_days(r, method_name, params, rus);
-	else // 1+3
-		result=fill_week_days(r, method_name, params, rus);
+	// loading text
+	char *data=file_read_text(r.charsets,
+		r.absolute(params.as_string(filename_param_index, FILE_NAME_MUST_BE_STRING)),
+		true,
+		options
+	);
+
+	// parse columns
+	Table::columns_type columns;
+	if(nameless) {
+		columns=Table::columns_type(0); // nameless
+	} else {
+		columns=Table::columns_type(new ArrayString);
 
+		skip_empty_and_comment_lines(&data);
+		while( lsplit_result sr=lsplit(&data, separators.column, '\n', separators.encloser) ) {
+			*columns+=new String(sr.piece, 0, true);
+			if(sr.delim=='\n') 
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	Table& table=*new Table(columns);
+	int columns_count=columns? columns->count(): 0;
+
+	// parse cells
+	Table::element_type row(new ArrayString(columns_count));
+	skip_empty_and_comment_lines(&data);
+	while( lsplit_result sr=lsplit(&data, separators.column, '\n', separators.encloser) ) {
+		if(!*sr.piece && !sr.delim && !row->count()) // append last empty column [if without \n]
+			break;
+		*row+=new String(sr.piece, 0, true);
+		if(sr.delim=='\n') {
+			table+=row;
+			row=new ArrayString(columns_count);
+			skip_empty_and_comment_lines(&data);
+		}
+	}
+	// last line [if without \n]
+	if(row->count())
+		table+=row;
+	
 	// replace any previous table value
-	static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->set_table(*result);
+	GET_SELF(r, VTable).set_table(table);
 }
 
+#ifdef NO_STRINGSTREAM
+
+void maybe_enclose( String& to, const String& from, char encloser, const String* sencloser ) {
+	if(encloser) {
+		to<<*sencloser;
+		// while we have 'encloser'...
+		size_t pos_after=0;
+		for( size_t pos_before; (pos_before=from.pos( encloser, pos_after ))!=STRING_NOT_FOUND; pos_after=pos_before) {
+			pos_before++; // including first encloser (and skipping it for next pos)
+            to<<from.mid(pos_after, pos_before);
+			to<<*sencloser; // doubling encloser
+		}
+		// last piece
+		size_t from_length=from.length();
+		if(pos_after<from_length)
+			to<<from.mid(pos_after, from_length);
+
+		to<<*sencloser;
+	} else
+		to<<from;
+}
+
+#else
+
+void maybe_enclose( ostringstream& to, const String& from, char encloser ) {
+	if(encloser) {
+		to<<encloser;
+		// while we have 'encloser'...
+		size_t pos_after=0;
+		for( size_t pos_before; (pos_before=from.pos( encloser, pos_after ))!=STRING_NOT_FOUND; pos_after=pos_before) {
+			pos_before++; // including first encloser (and skipping it for next pos)
+            to<<from.mid(pos_after, pos_before).cstr();
+			to<<encloser; // doubling encloser
+		}
+		// last piece
+		size_t from_length=from.length();
+		if(pos_after<from_length)
+			to<<from.mid(pos_after, from_length).cstr();
+
+		to<<encloser;
+	} else
+		to<<from.cstr();
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static void _save(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	const String& first_arg=params.as_string(0, FIRST_ARG_MUST_NOT_BE_CODE);
+	size_t param_index=1;
+
+	bool do_append=false;
+	bool output_column_names=true;
+
+	// mode?
+	if(first_arg=="append")
+		do_append=true;
+	else if(first_arg=="nameless")
+		output_column_names=false;
+	else
+		--param_index;
 
+	const String& file_name=params.as_string(param_index++, FILE_NAME_MUST_NOT_BE_CODE);
 
+	TableSeparators separators;
+	if(param_index<params.count()) {
+		Value& voptions=params.as_no_junction(param_index++, "additional params must be hash");
+		if( voptions.is_defined() && !voptions.is_string() ) {
+			if(HashStringValue* options=voptions.get_hash()) {
+				int valid_options=separators.load(*options);
+				if(valid_options!=options->count())
+					throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+						0,
+						"invalid option passed");
+			} else {
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+					0,
+					"additional params must be hash (did you spell mode parameter correctly?)");
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if(param_index<params.count())
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+			0,
+			"bad mode (must be nameless or append)");
 
-static void _save(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	Value& vtable_name=params->as_no_junction(params->size()-1, 
-		"file name must not be code");
+	Table& table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
 
-	Table& table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
+#ifdef NO_STRINGSTREAM
 
-	String sdata(pool);
-	if(params->size()==1) { // not nameless=named output
-		// write out names line
+	String sdata;
+	if(output_column_names) {
 		if(table.columns()) { // named table
-			for(int column=0; column<table.columns()->size(); column++) {
-				if(column)
-					sdata.APPEND_CONST("\t");
-				sdata.append(*static_cast<String *>(table.columns()->quick_get(column)), 
-					String::UL_TABLE);
-			}
-		} else { // nameless table
-			int lsize=table.size()?static_cast<Array *>(table.get(0))->size():0;
-			if(lsize)
+			for(Array_iterator<const String*> i(*table.columns()); i.has_next(); ) {
+				maybe_enclose( sdata, *i.next(), separators.encloser, separators.sencloser );
+				if(i.has_next())
+					sdata<<*separators.scolumn;
+			}
+		} else { // nameless table [we were asked to output column names]
+			if(int lsize=table.count()?table[0]->count():0)
 				for(int column=0; column<lsize; column++) {
-					char *cindex_tab=(char *)malloc(MAX_NUMBER);
-					snprintf(cindex_tab, MAX_NUMBER, "%d\t", column);
-					sdata.APPEND_CONST(cindex_tab);
+					char *cindex_tab=new(PointerFreeGC) char[MAX_NUMBER];
+					sdata.append_know_length(cindex_tab, 
+						snprintf(cindex_tab, MAX_NUMBER, 
+							column<lsize-1?"%d%c":"%d", column, separators.column),
+							String::L_CLEAN);
 				}
 			else
-				sdata.APPEND_CONST("empty nameless table");
+				sdata.append_help_length("empty nameless table", 0, String::L_CLEAN);
 		}
-		sdata.APPEND_CONST("\n");
+		sdata.append_know_length("\n", 1, String::L_CLEAN);
 	}
+
 	// data lines
-	for(int index=0; index<table.size(); index++) {
-		Array *row=static_cast<Array *>(table.quick_get(index));
-		for(int column=0; column<row->size(); column++) {
-			if(column)
-				sdata.APPEND_CONST("\t");
-			sdata.append(*static_cast<String *>(row->quick_get(column)), 
-				String::UL_TABLE);
+	Array_iterator<ArrayString*> i(table);
+	while(i.has_next()) {
+		for(Array_iterator<const String*> c(*i.next()); c.has_next(); ) {
+			maybe_enclose( sdata, *c.next(), separators.encloser, separators.sencloser );
+			if(c.has_next())
+				sdata<<*separators.scolumn;
 		}
-		sdata.APPEND_CONST("\n");
+		sdata.append_know_length("\n", 1, String::L_CLEAN);
 	}
 
 	// write
-	file_write(pool, r.absolute(vtable_name.as_string()), 
-		sdata.cstr(), sdata.size(), true);
-}
+	{
+		const char* data_cstr=sdata.cstr();
+		file_write(r.absolute(file_name), 
+			data_cstr, sdata.length(), true, do_append);
+		if(*data_cstr) // not empty (when empty it's not heap memory)
+			pa_free((void*)data_cstr); // not needed anymore
+	}
 
-static void _count(Request& r, const String&, MethodParams *) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	Value& value=*new(pool) VInt(pool, static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table().size());
-	r.write_no_lang(value);
-}
+#else
 
-static void _line(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	Value& value=*new(pool) VInt(pool, 1+static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table().current());
-	r.write_no_lang(value);
-}
+	ostringstream ost(stringstream::out);
 
-static void _offset(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	Table& table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	if(params->size()) {
-		Value& offset_expr=params->as_junction(0, "offset must be expression");
-		table.shift(r.process(offset_expr).as_int());
-	} else {
-		Value& value=*new(pool) VInt(pool, table.current());
-		r.write_no_lang(value);
+	// process header
+	if(output_column_names) {
+		if(table.columns()) { // named table
+			for(Array_iterator<const String*> i(*table.columns()); i.has_next(); ) {
+				maybe_enclose( ost, *i.next(), separators.encloser );
+				if(i.has_next()){
+					ost<<separators.column;
+				}
+			}
+		} else { // nameless table [we were asked to output column names]
+			if(int lsize=table.count()?table[0]->count():0)
+				for(int column=0; column<lsize; column++) {
+					if(separators.encloser) {
+						ost<<separators.encloser<<column<<separators.encloser;
+					} else {
+						ost<<column;
+					}
+					if(column<lsize-1){
+						ost<<separators.column;
+					}
+				}
+			else
+				ost<<"empty nameless table";
+		}
+		ost<<'\n';
+	}
+
+	// process data lines
+	Array_iterator<ArrayString*> i(table);
+	while(i.has_next()) {
+		for(Array_iterator<const String*> c(*i.next()); c.has_next(); ) {
+			maybe_enclose( ost, *c.next(), separators.encloser );
+			if(c.has_next())
+				ost<<separators.column;
+		}
+		ost<<'\n';
 	}
+
+	// write
+	{
+		string data=ost.str();
+		const char* data_cstr = data.c_str();
+
+		file_write(r.absolute(file_name), data_cstr, data.length(), true /* as text */, do_append);
+	}
+
+#endif
 }
 
-static void _menu(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Value& body_code=params->as_junction(0, "body must be code");
+static void _count(Request& r, MethodParams&) {
+	int result=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table().count();
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VInt(result));
+}
+
+static void _line(Request& r, MethodParams&) {
+	int result=1+GET_SELF(r, VTable).table().current();
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VInt(result));
+}
+
+static void _offset(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Table& table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	if(params.count()) {
+		bool absolute=false;
+		if(params.count()>1) {
+		    const String&  whence=params.as_string(0, "whence must be string");
+		    if(whence=="cur")
+				absolute=false;
+		    else if(whence=="set")
+				absolute=true;
+		    else
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+					&whence,
+					"is invalid whence, valid are 'cur' or 'set'");
+		}
+		
+		int offset=params.as_int(params.count()-1, "offset must be expression", r);
+		table.offset(absolute, offset);
+	} else
+		r.write_no_lang(*new VInt(table.current()));
+}
+
+static void _menu(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Temp_hash_value<const String::Body, void*> 
+		cycle_data_setter(r.classes_conf, cycle_data_name, /*any not null flag*/&r);
+
+	Value& body_code=params.as_junction(0, "body must be code");
 	
-	Value *delim_code=params->size()==2?&params->get(1):0;
+	Value* delim_maybe_code=params.count()>1?&params[1]:0;
 
-	VTable& vtable=*static_cast<VTable *>(r.self);
-	Table& table=vtable.table();
+	Table& table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
 	bool need_delim=false;
-	vtable.lock(); int saved_current=table.current();
-	for(int row=0; row<table.size(); row++) {
+	int saved_current=table.current();
+	int size=table.count();
+	for(int row=0; row<size; row++) {
 		table.set_current(row);
 
-		Value& processed_body=r.process(body_code);
-		if(delim_code) { // delimiter set?
-			const String *string=processed_body.get_string();
-			if(need_delim && string && string->size()) // need delim & iteration produced string?
-				r.write_pass_lang(r.process(*delim_code));
-			need_delim=true;
+		StringOrValue sv_processed=r.process(body_code);
+		Request::Skip lskip=r.get_skip(); r.set_skip(Request::SKIP_NOTHING);
+
+		const String* s_processed=sv_processed.get_string();
+		if(delim_maybe_code && s_processed && s_processed->length()) { // delimiter set and we have body
+			if(need_delim) // need delim & iteration produced string?
+				r.write_pass_lang(r.process(*delim_maybe_code));
+			else
+				need_delim=true;
 		}
-		r.write_pass_lang(processed_body);
-	}
-	table.set_current(saved_current); vtable.unlock();
-}
 
-static void _empty(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	Table& table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	
-	r.write_no_lang(*new(pool) VBool(pool, table.size()==0));
-}
+		r.write_pass_lang(sv_processed);
 
-/// used by table: _record / store_column_item_to_hash
-struct Record_info {
-	Pool *pool;
-	Table *table;
-	Hash *hash;
-};
-static void store_column_item_to_hash(Array::Item *item, void *info) {
-	Record_info& ri=*static_cast<Record_info *>(info);
-	String& column_name=*static_cast<String *>(item);
-	Value *value;
-	if(const String *column_item=ri.table->item(column_name))
-		value=new(*ri.pool) VString(*column_item);
-	else
-		value=new(*ri.pool) VVoid(*ri.pool);
-	ri.hash->put(column_name, value);
-}
-static void _record(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *) {
-	Table& table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	if(const Array *columns=table.columns()) {
-		Pool& pool=r.pool();
-		Value& result=*new(pool) VHash(pool);
-		Record_info record_info={&pool, &table, result.get_hash()};
-		columns->for_each(store_column_item_to_hash, &record_info);
-		result.set_name(method_name);
-		r.write_no_lang(result);
+		if(lskip==Request::SKIP_BREAK)
+			break;
 	}
+	table.set_current(saved_current);
 }
 
-/// used by table: _hash / table_row_to_hash
+#ifndef DOXYGEN
 struct Row_info {
+	Request *r;
 	Table *table;
-	int key_field;
-	Array *value_fields;
-	Hash *hash;
+	Value* key_code;
+	size_t key_field;
+	Array<int>* value_fields;
+	HashStringValue* hash;
+	Table2hash_distint distinct;
+	size_t row;
+	Table2hash_value_type value_type;
 };
-static void table_row_to_hash(Array::Item *value, void *info) {
-	Array& row=*static_cast<Array *>(value);
-	Row_info& ri=*static_cast<Row_info *>(info);
-	Pool& pool=ri.table->pool();
-
-	if(ri.key_field<row.size()) {
-		VHash& result=*new(pool) VHash(pool);
-		Hash& hash=*result.get_hash();
-		for(int i=0; i<ri.value_fields->size(); i++) {
-			int value_field=ri.value_fields->get_int(i);
-			if(value_field<row.size())
-				hash.put(
-					*ri.table->columns()->get_string(value_field), 
-					new(pool) VString(*row.get_string(value_field)));
-		}
+#endif
+static void table_row_to_hash(Table::element_type row, Row_info *info) {
+	const String* key;
+	if(info->key_code) {
+		info->table->set_current(info->row++); // change context row
+		StringOrValue sv_processed=info->r->process(*info->key_code);
+		key=&sv_processed.as_string();
+	} else {
+		key=info->key_field<row->count()?row->get(info->key_field):0;
+	}
+
+	if(!key)
+		return; // ignore rows without key [too-short-record_array if-indexed]
 		
-		ri.hash->put(*row.get_string(ri.key_field), &result);
+	bool exist=false;
+	switch(info->value_type) {
+		case C_STRING: {
+			exist=info->hash->put_dont_replace(*key, new VString(*row->get(info->value_fields->get(0))));
+			break;
+		}
+		case C_HASH: {
+			VHash* vhash=new VHash;
+			HashStringValue& hash=vhash->hash();
+			for(Array_iterator<int> i(*info->value_fields); i.has_next(); ) {
+				size_t value_field=i.next();
+				if(value_field<row->count())
+					hash.put(
+						*info->table->columns()->get(value_field), 
+						new VString(*row->get(value_field)));
+			}
+
+			exist=info->hash->put_dont_replace(*key, vhash);
+			break;
+		}
+		case C_TABLE: {
+			VTable* vtable=(VTable*)info->hash->get(*key); // table exist?
+			Table* table;
+			if(vtable) {
+				if(info->distinct==D_ILLEGAL) {
+					exist=true;
+					break;
+				}
+				table=vtable->get_table();
+			} else {
+				// no? creating table of same structure as source
+				Table::Action_options table_options(0, 0);
+				table=new Table(*info->table, table_options/*no rows, just structure*/);
+				info->hash->put(*key, new VTable(table));
+			}
+			*table+=row;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if(exist && info->distinct==D_ILLEGAL)
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+			key,
+			"duplicate key");
+}
+
+Table2hash_value_type get_value_type(Value& vvalue_type){
+	if(vvalue_type.is_string()) {
+		const String& svalue_type=*vvalue_type.get_string();
+		if(svalue_type == "table"){
+			return C_TABLE;
+		} else if (svalue_type == "string") {
+			return C_STRING;
+		} else if (svalue_type == "hash") {
+			return C_HASH;
+		} else {
+			throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+				&svalue_type,
+				"must be 'hash', 'table' or 'string'");
+		}
+	} else {
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+			0,
+			"'type' must be hash");
 	}
 }
-static void _hash(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Table& table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	if(const Array *columns=table.columns()) 
-		if(columns->size()>1) {
-			Pool& pool=r.pool();
-
-			const String& key_field_name=params->as_no_junction(0, 
-				"key field name must not be code").as_string();
-			int key_field=table.column_name2index(key_field_name, true);
-			int value_fields_count=params->size()-1;
-			bool value_fields_by_params=value_fields_count!=0;
-			if(!value_fields_by_params)
-				value_fields_count=columns->size()-1; // all columns except key
-			Array value_fields(pool, value_fields_count);
-			if(value_fields_by_params) {
-				for(int i=1; i<params->size(); i++) {
-					const String& value_field_name=params->as_no_junction(i, 
-						"value field name must not be code").as_string();
-					value_fields+=table.column_name2index(value_field_name, true);
+
+static void _hash(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Table& self_table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	VHash& result=*new VHash;
+	if(Table::columns_type columns=self_table.columns()){
+		if(columns->count()>0) {
+			Table2hash_distint distinct=D_ILLEGAL;
+			Table2hash_value_type value_type=C_HASH;
+			int param_index=params.count()-1;
+			if(param_index>0) {
+				if(HashStringValue* options=params.as_no_junction(param_index, PARAM_MUST_NOT_BE_CODE).get_hash()){ // options where specified
+					--param_index;
+					int valid_options=0;
+					if(Value* vdistinct_code=options->get(sql_distinct_name)) { // $.distinct ?
+						valid_options++;
+						Value& vdistinct_value=r.process_to_value(*vdistinct_code);
+						if(vdistinct_value.is_string()) {
+							const String& sdistinct=*vdistinct_value.get_string();
+							if(sdistinct=="tables") {
+								value_type=C_TABLE;
+								distinct=D_FIRST;
+							} else {
+								throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+									&sdistinct,
+									"must be 'tables' or true/false");
+							}
+						} else {
+							distinct=vdistinct_value.as_bool()?D_FIRST:D_ILLEGAL;
+						}
+					}
+					if(Value* vvalue_type_code=options->get(sql_value_type_name)) { // $.type ?
+						if(value_type==C_TABLE) // $.distinct[tables] already was specified
+							throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+								0,
+								"you can't specify $.distinct[tables] and $.type[] together");
+
+						valid_options++;
+						value_type=get_value_type(r.process_to_value(*vvalue_type_code));
+					}
+
+					if(valid_options!=options->count())
+						throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+							0,
+							"called with invalid option");
 				}
-			} else { // by all columns except key
-				for(int i=0; i<columns->size(); i++)
-					if(i!=key_field)
-						value_fields+=i;
 			}
 
-			// integers: key_field & value_fields
-			Value& result=*new(pool) VHash(pool);
-			Row_info row_info={&table, key_field, &value_fields, result.get_hash()};
-			table.for_each(table_row_to_hash, &row_info);
-			result.set_name(method_name);
-			r.write_no_lang(result);
+			if(param_index==2) // options was specified but not as hash
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+					0,
+					"options must be hash");
+
+			Array<int> value_fields;
+			if(param_index==0){ // list of columns wasn't specified
+				if(value_type==C_STRING) // $.type[string]
+					throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+						0,
+						"you must specify one value field with option $.type[string]");
+				
+				for(size_t i=0; i<columns->count(); i++) // by all columns, including key
+					value_fields+=i;
+
+			} else { // list of columns was specified
+				if(value_type==C_TABLE)
+					throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+						0,
+						"you can't specify value field(s) with option $.distinct[tables] or $.type[tables]");
+
+				Value& value_fields_param=params.as_no_junction(param_index, "value field(s) must not be code");
+				if(value_fields_param.is_string()) { // one column as string was specified
+					value_fields+=self_table.column_name2index(*value_fields_param.get_string(), true);
+				} else if(Table* value_fields_table=value_fields_param.get_table()) { // list of columns were specified in table
+					for(Array_iterator<Table::element_type> i(*value_fields_table); i.has_next(); ) {
+						const String& value_field_name =*i.next()->get(0);
+						value_fields +=self_table.column_name2index(value_field_name, true);
+					}
+				} else
+					throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+						0,
+						"value field(s) must be string or table");
+			}
+
+			if(value_type==C_STRING && value_fields.count()!=1)
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+					0,
+					"you can specify only one value field with option $.type[string]");
+
+			{
+				Value* key_param=&params[0];
+				Row_info info={
+					&r,
+					&self_table,
+					/*key_code=*/key_param->get_junction()?key_param:0,
+					/*key_field=*/0/*filled below*/,
+					&value_fields,
+					&result.hash(),
+					distinct,
+					/*row=*/0,
+					value_type
+				};
+				info.key_field=(info.key_code?-1
+						:self_table.column_name2index(key_param->as_string(), true));
+
+				int saved_current=self_table.current();
+				self_table.for_each(table_row_to_hash, &info);
+				self_table.set_current(saved_current);
+
+				result.extract_default();
+			}
 		}
+	}
+	r.write_no_lang(result);
 }
 
-/// used by table: _sort / sort_cmp_string|sort_cmp_double
+#ifndef DOXYGEN
 struct Table_seq_item {
-	Array *row;
+	ArrayString* row;
 	union {
-		char *c_str;
+		const char *c_str;
 		double d;
 	} value;
 };
+#endif
 static int sort_cmp_string(const void *a, const void *b) {
 	return strcmp(
 		static_cast<const Table_seq_item *>(a)->value.c_str, 
@@ -452,29 +870,27 @@ static int sort_cmp_double(const void *a
 	else 
 		return 0;
 }
-static void _sort(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Value& key_maker=params->as_junction(0, "key-maker must be code");
+static void _sort(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Value& key_maker=params.as_junction(0, "key-maker must be code");
 
-	bool reverse=params->size()==2/*..[asc|desc]*/?
-		reverse=params->as_no_junction(1, "order must not be code").as_string()=="desc":
-		false;
+	bool reverse=params.count()>1/*..[desc|asc|]*/?
+		reverse=params.as_no_junction(1, "order must not be code").as_string()=="desc":
+		false; // default=asc
 
-	Table& table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
+	Table& old_table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	Table& new_table=*new Table(old_table.columns());
 
-	// anything to sort?
-	if(!table.size())
-		return;
-
-	Table_seq_item *seq=(Table_seq_item *)malloc(sizeof(Table_seq_item)*table.size());
+	Table_seq_item* seq=new(PointerFreeGC) Table_seq_item[old_table.count()];
 	int i;
 
 	// calculate key values
 	bool key_values_are_strings=true;
-	for(i=0; i<table.size(); i++) {
-		table.set_current(i);
+	int old_count=old_table.count();
+	for(i=0; i<old_count; i++) {
+		old_table.set_current(i);
 		// calculate key value
-		seq[i].row=(MethodParams *)table.get(i);
-		Value& value=*r.process(key_maker).as_expr_result(true/*return string as-is*/);
+		seq[i].row=old_table[i];
+		Value& value=r.process_to_value(key_maker).as_expr_result(true/*return string as-is*/);
 		if(i==0) // determining key values type by first one
 			key_values_are_strings=value.is_string();
 
@@ -484,289 +900,360 @@ static void _sort(Request& r, const Stri
 			seq[i].value.d=value.as_double();
 	}
 	// sort keys
-	_qsort(seq, table.size(), sizeof(Table_seq_item), 
+	_qsort(seq, old_count, sizeof(Table_seq_item), 
 		key_values_are_strings?sort_cmp_string:sort_cmp_double);
 
 	// reorder table as they require in 'seq'
-	for(i=0; i<table.size(); i++)
-		table.put(i, seq[reverse?table.size()-1-i:i].row);
+	for(i=0; i<old_count; i++)
+		new_table+=Table::element_type(seq[reverse?old_count-1-i:i].row);
+
+	delete[] seq;
 
-	// reset 'current'
-	table.set_current(0);
+	// replace any previous table value
+	GET_SELF(r, VTable).set_table(new_table);
 }
 
-static void _locate(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-
-	VTable& vtable=*static_cast<VTable *>(r.self);
-	Table& table=vtable.table();
-	Value& result=*new(pool) VBool(pool, table.locate(
-		params->get(0).as_string(), 
-		params->get(1).as_string()));
-	result.set_name(method_name);
-	r.write_no_lang(result);
+#ifndef DOXYGEN
+struct Expression_is_true_info {
+	Request* r;
+	Value* expression_code;
+};
+#endif
+static bool expression_is_true(Table&, Expression_is_true_info* info) {
+	return info->r->process_to_value(*info->expression_code).as_bool();
 }
+static bool _locate_expression(Table& table, Table::Action_options o,
+			       Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	check_option_param(o.defined, params, 1,
+		"locate by expression only has parameters: expression and, maybe, options");
+	Value& expression_code=params.as_junction(0, "must be expression");
+
+	Expression_is_true_info info={&r, &expression_code};
+	return table.table_first_that(expression_is_true, &info, o);
+}
+static bool _locate_name_value(Table& table, Table::Action_options o,
+			       Request&, MethodParams& params) {
+	check_option_param(o.defined, params, 2,
+		"locate by locate by name has parameters: name, value and, maybe, options");
+	const String& name=params.as_string(0, "column name must be string");
+	const String& value=params.as_string(1, VALUE_MUST_BE_STRING);
+	return table.locate(name, value, o);
+}
+static void _locate(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Table& table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+
+	Table::Action_options o=get_action_options(r, params, table);
+
+	bool result=params[0].get_junction()?
+		_locate_expression(table, o, r, params) :
+		_locate_name_value(table, o, r, params);
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VBool(result));
+}
+
 
-static void _flip(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	VTable& vtable=*static_cast<VTable *>(r.self);
-
-	Table& old_table=*vtable.get_table();
-	Table& new_table=*new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, 0/*nameless*/);
-	if(old_table.size())
-		if(int old_cols=old_table.at(0).size()) 
-			for(int column=0; column<old_cols; column++) {
-				Array& new_row=*new(pool) Array(pool, old_table.size());
-				for(int i=0; i<old_table.size(); i++) {
-					const Array& old_row=old_table.at(i);
-					new_row+=column<old_row.size()?old_row.get(column):empty_string;
+static void _flip(Request& r, MethodParams&) {
+	Table& old_table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	Table& new_table=*new Table(0);
+	if(size_t old_count=old_table.count())
+		if(size_t old_cols=old_table[0]->count()) 
+			for(size_t column=0; column<old_cols; column++) {
+				Table::element_type new_row(new ArrayString(old_count));
+				for(size_t i=0; i<old_count; i++) {
+					Table::element_type old_row=old_table[i];
+					*new_row+=column<old_row->count()?old_row->get(column):new String;
 				}
-				new_table+=&new_row;
+				new_table+=new_row;
 			}
 
-	vtable.set_table(new_table);
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VTable(&new_table));
 }
 
-static void _append(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-	// data is last parameter
-	const String& string=
-		r.process(params->as_junction(0, "body must be code")).as_string();
+static void _append(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	// data
+	Temp_lang temp_lang(r, String::L_PASS_APPENDED);
+	const String& string=r.process_to_string(params.as_junction(0, "body must be code"));
 
 	// parse cells
-	Array& row=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-	string.split(row, 0, "\t", 1, String::UL_CLEAN);
+	Table::element_type row=new ArrayString;
+	size_t pos_after=0;
+	string.split(*row, pos_after, "\t", String::L_AS_IS);
 
-	VTable& vtable=*static_cast<VTable *>(r.self);
-	// disable ^a.menu{^a.append[]}
-	vtable.lock();
-	vtable.table()+=&row;
-	vtable.unlock();
+	GET_SELF(r, VTable).table()+=row;
 }
 
-static void _join(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-
-	Table *maybe_src=params->as_no_junction(0, "table ref must not be code").get_table();
+static void join_named_row(Table& src, Table* dest) {
+	Table::columns_type dest_columns=dest->columns();
+	size_t dest_columns_count=dest_columns->count();
+	Table::element_type dest_row(new ArrayString(dest_columns_count));
+	for(size_t dest_column=0; dest_column<dest_columns_count; dest_column++) {
+		const String* src_item=src.item(*dest_columns->get(dest_column));
+		*dest_row+=src_item?src_item:new String;
+	}
+	*dest+=dest_row;
+}
+static void join_nameless_row(Table& src, Table* dest) {
+	*dest+=src[src.current()];
+}
+static void _join(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Table* maybe_src=params.as_no_junction(0, "table ref must not be code").get_table();
 	if(!maybe_src)
-		PTHROW(0, 0, 
-			&method_name, 
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 
+			0, 
 			"source is not a table");
-
 	Table& src=*maybe_src;
-	Table& dest=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
+
+	Table::Action_options o=get_action_options(r, params, src);
+	check_option_param(o.defined, params, 1,
+		"invalid extra parameter");
+
+	Table& dest=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
 	if(&src == &dest)
-		PTHROW(0, 0, 
-			&method_name, 
+		throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME, 
+			0, 
 			"source and destination are same table");
 
-	if(const Array *dest_columns=dest.columns()) { // dest is named
-		int saved_src_current=src.current();
-		for(int src_row=0; src_row<src.size(); src_row++) {
-			src.set_current(src_row);
-			Array& dest_row=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-			for(int dest_column=0; dest_column<dest_columns->size(); dest_column++) 
-				dest_row+=src.item(*dest_columns->get_string(dest_column));
-			dest+=&dest_row;
-		}
-		src.set_current(saved_src_current);
-	} else { // dest is nameless
-		for(int src_row=0; src_row<src.size(); src_row++)
-			dest+=&src.at(src_row);
-	}
+	if(dest.columns()) // dest is named
+		src.table_for_each(join_named_row, &dest, o);
+	else // dest is nameless
+		src.table_for_each(join_nameless_row, &dest, o);
 }
 
-static void _sql(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-
-	if(!r.connection)
-		PTHROW(0, 0, 
-			&method_name, 
-			"without connect");
-
-	Value& statement=params->as_junction(0, "statement must be code");
-
-	ulong limit=0;
-	if(params->size()>1) {
-		Value& limit_code=params->as_junction(1, "limit must be expression");
-		limit=(uint)r.process(limit_code).as_double();
+#ifndef DOXYGEN
+class Table_sql_event_handlers: public SQL_Driver_query_event_handlers {
+	ArrayString& columns;
+	int columns_count;
+	ArrayString* row;
+public:
+	Table* table;
+public:
+	Table_sql_event_handlers() :
+		columns(*new ArrayString), row(0), table(0) {
 	}
 
-	ulong offset=0;
-	if(params->size()>2) {
-		Value& offset_code=params->as_junction(2, "offset must be expression");
-		offset=(ulong)r.process(offset_code).as_double();
-	}
-
-	Temp_lang temp_lang(r, String::UL_SQL);
-	const String& statement_string=r.process(statement).as_string();
-	const char *statement_cstr=
-		statement_string.cstr(String::UL_UNSPECIFIED, r.connection);
-	unsigned int sql_column_count; SQL_Driver::Cell *sql_columns;
-	unsigned long sql_row_count; SQL_Driver::Cell **sql_rows;
-	bool need_rethrow=false; Exception rethrow_me;
-	PTRY {
-		r.connection->query(
-			statement_cstr, offset, limit, 
-			&sql_column_count, &sql_columns, 
-			&sql_row_count, &sql_rows);
-	}
-	PCATCH(e) { // query problem
-		rethrow_me=e;  need_rethrow=true;
-	}
-	PEND_CATCH
-	if(need_rethrow)
-		PTHROW(rethrow_me.type(), rethrow_me.code(), 
-			&statement_string, // setting more specific source [were url]
-			rethrow_me.comment());
-	
-	Array& table_columns=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-	for(unsigned int i=0; i<sql_column_count; i++) {
-		String& table_column=*new(pool) String(pool);
-		table_column.APPEND_TAINTED(
-			(const char *)sql_columns[i].ptr, sql_columns[i].size, 
-			statement_cstr, 0);
-		table_columns+=&table_column;
+	bool add_column(SQL_Error& error, const char *str, size_t length) {
+		try {
+			columns+=new String(str, length, true);
+			return false;
+		} catch(...) {
+			error=SQL_Error("exception occured in Table_sql_event_handlers::add_column");
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+	bool before_rows(SQL_Error& error) { 
+		try {
+			table=new Table(&columns);
+			columns_count=columns.count();
+			return false;
+		} catch(...) {
+			error=SQL_Error("exception occured in Table_sql_event_handlers::before_rows");
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+	bool add_row(SQL_Error& error) {
+		try {
+			*table+=row=new ArrayString(columns_count);
+			return false;
+		} catch(...) {
+			error=SQL_Error("exception occured in Table_sql_event_handlers::add_row");
+			return true;
+		}
 	}
+	bool add_row_cell(SQL_Error& error, const char* str, size_t length) {
+		try {
+			String& cell=*new String;
+			if(length)
+				cell.append_know_length(str, length, String::L_TAINTED);
+			*row+=&cell;
+			return false;
+		} catch(...) {
+			error=SQL_Error("exception occured in Table_sql_event_handlers::add_row_cell");
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+};
+#endif
 
-	Table& table=*new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, &table_columns);
-
-	for(unsigned long row=0; row<sql_row_count; row++) {
-		SQL_Driver::Cell *sql_cells=sql_rows[row];
-		Array& table_row=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-		
-		for(unsigned int i=0; i<sql_column_count; i++) {
-			String& table_cell=*new(pool) String(pool);
-			if(sql_cells[i].size)
-				table_cell.APPEND_TAINTED(
-					(const char *)sql_cells[i].ptr, sql_cells[i].size, 
-					statement_cstr, row);
-			table_row+=&table_cell;
+static void marshal_bind(
+						 HashStringValue::key_type aname, 
+						 HashStringValue::value_type avalue,
+						 SQL_Driver::Placeholder** pptr) 
+{
+	SQL_Driver::Placeholder& ph=**pptr;
+	ph.name=aname.cstr();
+	ph.value=avalue->as_string().cstr(String::L_UNSPECIFIED);
+	ph.is_null=avalue->get_class()==void_class;
+	ph.were_updated=false;
+
+	(*pptr)++;
+}
+
+// not static, used elsewhere
+int marshal_binds(HashStringValue& hash, SQL_Driver::Placeholder*& placeholders) {
+	int hash_count=hash.count();
+	placeholders=new(UseGC) SQL_Driver::Placeholder[hash_count];
+	SQL_Driver::Placeholder* ptr=placeholders;
+	hash.for_each<SQL_Driver::Placeholder**>(marshal_bind, &ptr);
+	return hash_count;
+}
+
+// not static, used elsewhere
+void unmarshal_bind_updates(HashStringValue& hash, int placeholder_count, SQL_Driver::Placeholder* placeholders) {
+	SQL_Driver::Placeholder* ph=placeholders;
+	for(int i=0; i<placeholder_count; i++, ph++)
+		if(ph->were_updated) {
+			Value* value;
+			if(ph->is_null)
+				value=new VVoid();
+			else
+				if(ph->value)
+					value=new VString(*new String(ph->value, 0, true/*tainted*/));
+				else
+					value=new VString(*new String());					
+			hash.put(ph->name, value);
 		}
-		table+=&table_row;
+}
+
+static void _sql(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Value& statement=params.as_junction(0, "statement must be code");
+
+	HashStringValue* bind=0;
+	ulong limit=0;
+	ulong offset=0;
+	if(params.count()>1) {
+		Value& voptions=params.as_no_junction(1, "options must be hash, not code");
+		if(voptions.is_defined() && !voptions.is_string())
+			if(HashStringValue* options=voptions.get_hash()) {
+				int valid_options=0;
+				if(Value* vbind=options->get(sql_bind_name)) {
+					valid_options++;
+					bind=vbind->get_hash();
+				}
+				if(Value* vlimit=options->get(sql_limit_name)) {
+					valid_options++;
+					limit=(ulong)r.process_to_value(*vlimit).as_double();
+				}
+				if(Value* voffset=options->get(sql_offset_name)) {
+					valid_options++;
+					offset=(ulong)r.process_to_value(*voffset).as_double();
+				}
+				if(valid_options!=options->count())
+					throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+						0,
+						"called with invalid option");
+			} else
+				throw Exception(PARSER_RUNTIME,
+					0,
+					"options must be hash");
 	}
 
+	SQL_Driver::Placeholder* placeholders=0;
+	uint placeholders_count=0;
+	if(bind)
+		placeholders_count=marshal_binds(*bind, placeholders);
+
+	Temp_lang temp_lang(r, String::L_SQL);
+	const String&  statement_string=r.process_to_string(statement);
+	const char* statement_cstr=
+		statement_string.cstr(String::L_UNSPECIFIED, r.connection());
+	Table_sql_event_handlers handlers;
+#ifdef RESOURCES_DEBUG
+	struct timeval mt[2];
+	//measure:before
+	gettimeofday(&mt[0],NULL);
+#endif	
+	r.connection()->query(
+		statement_cstr, 
+		placeholders_count, placeholders,
+		offset, limit, 
+		handlers,
+		statement_string);
+	
+#ifdef RESOURCES_DEBUG
+		//measure:after connect
+	gettimeofday(&mt[1],NULL);
+	
+	double t[2];
+	for(int i=0;i<2;i++)
+	    t[i]=mt[i].tv_sec+mt[i].tv_usec/1000000.0;
+	    
+	r.sql_request_time+=t[1]-t[0];
+#endif	    			
+
+	if(bind)
+		unmarshal_bind_updates(*bind, placeholders_count, placeholders);
+
+	Table& result=
+		handlers.table?*handlers.table: // query resulted in table? return it
+		*new Table(Table::columns_type(0)); // query returned no table, fake it
+
 	// replace any previous table value
-	static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->set_table(table);
+	GET_SELF(r, VTable).set_table(result);
 }
 
-static void _dir(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *params) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
-
-	Value& relative_path=params->as_no_junction(0, "path must not be code");
+static void _columns(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	const String* column_column_name;
+	if(params.count()>0)
+		column_column_name=&params.as_string(0, COLUMN_NAME_MUST_BE_STRING);
+	else 
+		column_column_name=new String("column");
 
-	const String *regexp;
-	pcre *regexp_code;
-	int ovecsize;
-	int *ovector;
-	if(params->size()>1) {
-		regexp=&params->as_no_junction(1, "regexp must not be code").as_string();
-
-		const char *pattern=regexp->cstr(String::UL_AS_IS);
-		const char *errptr;
-		int erroffset;
-		regexp_code=pcre_compile(pattern, PCRE_EXTRA | PCRE_DOTALL, 
-			&errptr, &erroffset, 
-			r.pcre_tables);
-
-		if(!regexp_code)
-			PTHROW(0, 0, 
-				&regexp->mid(erroffset, regexp->size()), 
-				"regular expression syntax error - %s", errptr);
-
-		ovector=(int *)malloc(sizeof(int)*(ovecsize=(1/*match*/)*3));
-	} else 
-		regexp_code=0;
-
-
-	const char* absolute_path_cstr=r.absolute(relative_path.as_string())
-		.cstr(String::UL_FILE_NAME);
-
-	Array& columns=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-	columns+=new(pool) String(pool, "name");	
-	Table& table=*new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, &columns);
-
-	LOAD_DIR(absolute_path_cstr, 
-		size_t file_name_size=strlen(ffblk.ff_name);
-		bool suits=true;
-		if(regexp_code) {
-			int exec_result=pcre_exec(regexp_code, 0, 
-				ffblk.ff_name, file_name_size, 0, 
-				0, ovector, ovecsize);
-			
-			if(exec_result==PCRE_ERROR_NOMATCH)
-				suits=false;
-			else if(exec_result<0) {
-				(*pcre_free)(regexp_code);
-				PTHROW(0, 0, 
-					regexp, 
-					"regular expression execute (%d)", 
-						exec_result);
-			}
+	Table::columns_type result_columns(new ArrayString);
+	*result_columns+=column_column_name;
+	Table& result_table=*new Table(result_columns);
+
+	Table& source_table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	if(Table::columns_type source_columns=source_table.columns()) {
+		for(Array_iterator<const String*> i(*source_columns); i.has_next(); ) {
+			Table::element_type result_row(new ArrayString);
+			*result_row+=i.next();
+			result_table+=result_row;
 		}
+	}
 
-		if(suits) {
-			char *file_name_cstr=(char *)r.malloc(file_name_size);
-			memcpy(file_name_cstr, ffblk.ff_name, file_name_size);
-			String &file_name=*new(pool) String(pool);
-			file_name.APPEND(file_name_cstr, file_name_size, String::UL_FILE_NAME, 
-				method_name.origin().file, method_name.origin().line);
-		
-			Array& row=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-			row+=&file_name;
-			table+=&row;
-		}
-	);
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VTable(&result_table));
+}
 
-	if(regexp_code)
-		(*pcre_free)(regexp_code);
+static void _select(Request& r, MethodParams& params) {
+	Value& vcondition=params.as_expression(0, "condition must be number, bool or expression");
 
-	// replace any previous table value
-	static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->set_table(table);
-}
+	Table& source_table=GET_SELF(r, VTable).table();
+	Table& result_table=*new Table(source_table.columns());
 
-static void _columns(Request& r, const String& method_name, MethodParams *) {
-	Pool& pool=r.pool();
+	int saved_current=source_table.current();
+	int size=source_table.count();
+	for(int row=0; row<size; row++) {
+		source_table.set_current(row);
 
-	Array& result_columns=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-	result_columns+=new(pool) String(pool, "column");
-	Table& result_table=*new(pool) Table(pool, &method_name, &result_columns);
+		bool condition=r.process_to_value(vcondition, 
+				false/*don't intercept string*/).as_bool();
 
-	Table& source_table=static_cast<VTable *>(r.self)->table();
-	if(const Array *source_columns=source_table.columns()) {
-		int size=source_columns->quick_size();
-		for(int i=0; i<size; i++) {
-			Array& result_row=*new(pool) Array(pool);
-			result_row+=source_columns->quick_get(i);
-			result_table+=&result_row;
-		}
+		if(condition) // ...condition is true=
+			result_table+=source_table[row]; // =green light to go to result
 	}
+	source_table.set_current(saved_current);
 
-	VTable& result=*new(pool) VTable(pool, &result_table);
-	result.set_name(method_name);
-	r.write_no_lang(result);
+	r.write_no_lang(*new VTable(&result_table));
 }
 
 // constructor
 
-MTable::MTable(Pool& apool) : Methoded(apool) {
-	set_name(*NEW String(pool(), TABLE_CLASS_NAME));
-
-	// ^table:set{data}
-	// ^table:set[nameless]{data}
-	add_native_method("set", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _set, 1, 2);
-
-	// ^table:load[file]  
-	// ^table:load[nameless;file]
-	add_native_method("load", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _load, 1, 2);
-
-	// ^table:calendar[month|montheng;year;month]  
-	// ^table:calendar[week|weekeng;year;month;day]
-	add_native_method("calendar", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _calendar, 3, 4);
+MTable::MTable(): Methoded("table") {
+	// ^table::create{data}
+	// ^table::create[nameless]{data}
+	// ^table::create[table]
+	add_native_method("create", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _create, 1, 3);
+	// old name for compatibility with <= v 1.141 2002/01/25 11:33:45 paf
+	add_native_method("set", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _create, 1, 3); 
+
+	// ^table::load[file]  
+	// ^table::load[nameless;file]
+	add_native_method("load", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _load, 1, 3);
 
 	// ^table.save[file]  
 	// ^table.save[nameless;file]
-	add_native_method("save", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _save, 1, 2);
+	add_native_method("save", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _save, 1, 3);
+
+	// add_native_method("save_old", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _save_old, 1, 3);
 
 	// ^table.count[]
 	add_native_method("count", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _count, 0, 0);
@@ -775,29 +1262,24 @@ MTable::MTable(Pool& apool) : Methoded(a
 	add_native_method("line", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _line, 0, 0);
 
 	// ^table.offset[]  
-	// ^table.offset[offset]
-	add_native_method("offset", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _offset, 0, 1);
+	// ^table.offset(offset)
+	// ^table.offset[cur|set](offset)
+	add_native_method("offset", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _offset, 0, 2);
 
 	// ^table.menu{code}  
 	// ^table.menu{code}[delim]
 	add_native_method("menu", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _menu, 1, 2);
 
-	// ^table.empty[]
-	add_native_method("empty", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _empty, 0, 0);
-
-	// ^table.record[]
-	add_native_method("record", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _record, 0, 0);
-
-	// ^table:hash[key field name]
-	// ^table:hash[key field name][value field name;...]
-	add_native_method("hash", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _hash, 1, 1000);
+	// ^table.hash[key field name]
+	// ^table.hash[key field name][value field name(s) string/table]
+	add_native_method("hash", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _hash, 1, 3);
 
-	// ^table.sort{string-key-maker} ^table.sort{string-key-maker}[asc|desc]
-	// ^table.sort(numeric-key-maker) ^table.sort(numeric-key-maker)[asc|desc]
+	// ^table.sort{string-key-maker} ^table.sort{string-key-maker}[desc|asc]
+	// ^table.sort(numeric-key-maker) ^table.sort(numeric-key-maker)[desc|asc]
 	add_native_method("sort", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _sort, 1, 2);
 
 	// ^table.locate[field;value]
-	add_native_method("locate", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _locate, 2, 2);
+	add_native_method("locate", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _locate, 1, 3);
 
 	// ^table.flip[]
 	add_native_method("flip", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _flip, 0, 0);
@@ -805,27 +1287,17 @@ MTable::MTable(Pool& apool) : Methoded(a
 	// ^table.append{r{tab}e{tab}c{tab}o{tab}r{tab}d}
 	add_native_method("append", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _append, 1, 1);
 
-	// ^table.join[table]
-	add_native_method("join", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _join, 1, 1);
+	// ^table.join[table][$.limit(10) $.offset(1) $.offset[cur] ]
+	add_native_method("join", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _join, 1, 2);
 
 
-	// ^table:sql[query][(count[;offset])]
-	add_native_method("sql", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _sql, 1, 3);
-
-	// ^table:dir[path]
-	// ^table:dir[path][regexp]
-	add_native_method("dir", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _dir, 1, 2);
-
-	// ^table:columns[]
-	add_native_method("columns", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _columns, 0, 0);
-}
-
-// global variable
-
-Methoded *table_class;
+	// ^table::sql[query]
+	// ^table::sql[query][$.limit(1) $.offset(2)]
+	add_native_method("sql", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _sql, 1, 2);
 
-// creator
+	// ^table.columns[[column name]]
+	add_native_method("columns", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _columns, 0, 1);
 
-Methoded *MTable_create(Pool& pool) {
-	return table_class=new(pool) MTable(pool);
+	// ^table.select(expression) = table
+	add_native_method("select", Method::CT_DYNAMIC, _select, 1, 1);
 }