--- parser3/src/include/pa_string.h	2016/09/08 20:41:48	1.219
+++ parser3/src/include/pa_string.h	2016/12/05 23:52:49	1.222
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #ifndef PA_STRING_H
 #define PA_STRING_H
 
-#define IDENT_PA_STRING_H "$Id: pa_string.h,v 1.219 2016/09/08 20:41:48 moko Exp $"
+#define IDENT_PA_STRING_H "$Id: pa_string.h,v 1.222 2016/12/05 23:52:49 moko Exp $"
 
 // includes
 #include "pa_types.h"
@@ -96,11 +96,6 @@ public:
 		L_CLEAN='0',	///< clean  WARNING: read above warning before changing
 		L_AS_IS='A',	///< leave all characters intact  WARNING: read above warning before changing
 
-		L_PASS_APPENDED='P',
-			/**<
-				leave lang built into string being appended.
-				just a flag, that value not stored
-			*/
 		L_TAINTED='T',	///< tainted, untaint lang as assigned later 
 		// untaint langs. assigned by ^untaint[lang]{...}
 		L_FILE_SPEC='F',	///< file specification
@@ -176,7 +171,7 @@ public:
 
 	public:
 
-		const char* v() const;
+		const char* visualize() const;
 		void dump() const;
 
 		Languages(): langs(0) {}
@@ -317,6 +312,7 @@ public:
 		size_t length;
 		C(): str(0), length(0) {}
 		C(const char *astr, size_t asize): str(astr), length(asize) {}
+		explicit C(Body abody): str(abody.cstr()), length(abody.length()) {}
 	};
 
 	struct Cm {
@@ -324,6 +320,7 @@ public:
 		size_t length;
 		Cm(): str(0), length(0) {}
 		Cm(char *astr, size_t asize): str(astr), length(asize) {}
+		explicit Cm(Body abody): str(abody.cstrm()), length(abody.length()) {}
 	};
 
 	class Body {
@@ -353,7 +350,6 @@ public:
 
 	public:
 
-		const char* v() const;
 		void dump() const;
 
 		Body(): body(CORD_EMPTY) INIT_HASH_CODE(0) INIT_LENGTH(0) {}
@@ -389,6 +385,7 @@ public:
 		inline CORD get_cord() const { return body; }
 		uint get_hash_code() const;
 
+		// never null
 		const char* cstr() const {
 #ifdef STRING_LENGTH_CACHING
 			string_length = length();
@@ -401,6 +398,7 @@ public:
 			return CORD_to_const_char_star(body, length());
 		}
 
+		// never null
 		char* cstrm() const { return CORD_to_char_star(body, length()); }
 
 #ifdef STRING_LENGTH_CACHING
@@ -492,7 +490,6 @@ private:
 	Body body; ///< all characters of string
 	Languages langs; ///< string characters lang
 
-	const char* v() const;
 	void dump() const;
 	#define ASSERT_STRING_INVARIANT(string) \
 		assert((string).langs.invariant((string).body.length()))
@@ -566,6 +563,8 @@ public:
 		return langs.opt.lang;
 	}
 
+	char* visualize_langs() const;
+
 	/// puts pieces to buf
 	Cm serialize(size_t prolog_size) const;
 	/// appends pieces from buf to self
@@ -588,6 +587,7 @@ public:
 		return Body(x).ncmp(0/*x_begin*/, body, 0/*y_begin*/, length())==0;
 	}
 
+	String& append_to(String& dest) const;
 	String& append_to(String& dest, Language lang, bool forced=false) const;
 	String& append(const String& src, Language lang, bool forced=false) { 
 		return src.append_to(*this, lang, forced);
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ public:
 		return *this;
 	}
 
-	String& operator << (const String& src) { return append(src, L_PASS_APPENDED); }
+	String& operator << (const String& src) { return src.append_to(*this); }
 	String& operator << (const char* src) { return append_help_length(src, 0, L_AS_IS); }
 	String& operator << (const Body& src){
 		langs.appendHelper(body, L_AS_IS, src);