--- sql/pgsql/parser3pgsql.C	2001/11/11 11:01:47	1.3
+++ sql/pgsql/parser3pgsql.C	2008/12/18 01:45:03	1.32
@@ -1,428 +1,685 @@
-/** @file
-	Parser PgSQL driver.
-
-	Copyright(c) 2001 ArtLebedev Group(http://www.artlebedev.com)
-
-	Author: Alexander Petrosyan <paf@design.ru>(http://design.ru/paf)
-
-	2001.07.30 using PgSQL 7.1.2
-*/
-static const char *RCSId="$Id: parser3pgsql.C,v 1.3 2001/11/11 11:01:47 paf Exp $"; 
-
-#include "config_includes.h"
-
-#include "pa_sql_driver.h"
-
-#include <libpq-fe.h>
-#include <libpq/libpq-fs.h>
-
-// OIDOID from catalog/pg_type.h
-#define OIDOID			26
-// LO_BUFSIZE from interfaces\libpq\fe-lobj.c = 8192 (0x2000)
-// actually writing chunks of that size failed, reduced it twice
-#define LO_BUFSIZE		  0x1000
-// from postgres_ext.h
-#define InvalidOid		((Oid) 0)
-
-
-#include "ltdl.h"
-
-#define MAX_STRING 0x400
-#define MAX_NUMBER 20
-
-#if _MSC_VER
-#	define snprintf _snprintf
-#	define strcasecmp _stricmp
-#endif
-
-#ifndef max
-inline int max(int a,int b) { return a>b?a:b; }
-inline int min(int a,int b){ return a<b?a:b; }
-#endif
-
-static char *lsplit(char *string, char delim) {
-    if(string) {
-		char *v=strchr(string, delim);
-		if(v) {
-			*v=0;
-			return v+1;
-		}
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/**
-	PgSQL server driver
-*/
-class PgSQL_Driver : public SQL_Driver {
-public:
-
-	PgSQL_Driver() : SQL_Driver() {
-	}
-
-	/// get api version
-	int api_version() { return SQL_DRIVER_API_VERSION; }
-	/// initialize driver by loading sql dynamic link library
-	const char *initialize(char *dlopen_file_spec) {
-		return dlopen_file_spec?
-			dlink(dlopen_file_spec):"client library column is empty";
-	}
-
-	#define throwPQerror services._throw(PQerrorMessage(conn))
-
-	/**	connect
-		@param used_only_in_connect_url
-			format: @b user:pass@host[:port]|[local]/database
-	*/
-	void connect(
-		char *used_only_in_connect_url, 
-		SQL_Driver_services& services, 
-		void **connection ///< output: PGconn *
-		) {
-		char *user=used_only_in_connect_url;
-		char *host=lsplit(user, '@');
-		char *db=lsplit(host, '/');
-		char *pwd=lsplit(user, ':');
-		char *port=lsplit(host, ':');
-
-		PGconn *conn=PQsetdbLogin(
-			strcasecmp(host, "local")==0?NULL/* local Unix domain socket */:host, port, 
-			NULL, NULL, db, user, pwd);
-		if(!conn)
-			services._throw("PQsetdbLogin failed");
-		if(PQstatus(conn)!=CONNECTION_OK)  
-			throwPQerror;
-
-		*(PGconn **)connection=conn;
-		begin_transaction(services, conn);
-	}
-	void disconnect(void *connection) {
-	    PQfinish((PGconn *)connection);
-	}
-	void commit(SQL_Driver_services& services, void *connection) {
-		PGconn *conn=(PGconn *)connection;
-		if(PGresult *res=PQexec(conn, "COMMIT"))
-			PQclear(res);
-		else
-			throwPQerror;
-		begin_transaction(services, conn);
-	}
-	void rollback(SQL_Driver_services& services, void *connection) {
-		PGconn *conn=(PGconn *)connection;
-		if(PGresult *res=PQexec(conn, "ROLLBACK"))
-			PQclear(res);
-		else
-			throwPQerror;
-		begin_transaction(services, conn);
-	}
-
-	bool ping(SQL_Driver_services&, void *connection) {
-		return PQstatus((PGconn *)connection)==CONNECTION_OK;
-	}
-
-	unsigned int quote(
-		SQL_Driver_services&, void *connection,
-		char *to, const char *from, unsigned int length) {
-		/*
-			it's already UNTAINT_TIMES_BIGGER
-		*/
-		unsigned int result=length;
-		while(length--) {
-			switch(*from) {
-			case '\'': // "'" -> "''"
-				*to++='\'';
-				break;
-			case '\\': // "\" -> "\\"
-				*to++='\'';
-				break;
-			}
-			*to++=*from++;
-		}
-		return result;
-	}
-	void query(
-		SQL_Driver_services& services, void *connection, 
-		const char *astatement, unsigned long offset, unsigned long limit,
-		SQL_Driver_query_event_handlers& handlers) {
-//		_asm int 3;
-
-		PGconn *conn=(PGconn *)connection;
-		#define PQclear_throw(msg) { \
-				PQclear(res); \
-				services._throw(msg); \
-			}						
-		#define PQclear_throwPQerror PQclear_throw(PQerrorMessage(conn))
-
-		const char *statement=preprocess_statement(services, conn,
-			astatement, offset, limit);
-
-		PGresult *res=PQexec(conn, statement);
-		if(!res) 
-			throwPQerror;
-
-		switch(PQresultStatus(res)) {
-		case PGRES_EMPTY_QUERY: 
-			PQclear_throw("no query");
-			break;
-		case PGRES_COMMAND_OK:
-			// empty result: insert|delete|update|...
-			PQclear(res);
-			return;
-		case PGRES_TUPLES_OK: 
-			break;	
-		default:
-			PQclear_throwPQerror;
-			break;
-		}
-		
-		int column_count=PQnfields(res);
-		if(!column_count)
-			PQclear_throw("result contains no columns");
-
-		for(int i=0; i<column_count; i++){
-			char *name=PQfname(res, i);
-			size_t size=strlen(name);
-			void *ptr=services.malloc(size);
-			memcpy(ptr, name, size);
-			handlers.add_column(ptr, size);
-		}
-
-		handlers.before_rows();
-
-		if(unsigned long row_count=(unsigned long)PQntuples(res))
-			for(unsigned long r=0; r<row_count; r++) {
-				handlers.add_row();
-				for(int i=0; i<column_count; i++){
-					const char *cell=PQgetvalue(res, r, i);
-					size_t size;
-					void *ptr;
-					if(PQftype(res, i)==OIDOID) {
-						// ObjectID column, read object bytes
-
-						char *error_pos=0;
-						Oid oid=cell?atoi(cell):0;
-						int fd=lo_open(conn, oid, INV_READ);
-						if(fd>=0) {
-							// seek to end
-							if(lo_lseek(conn, fd, 0, SEEK_END)<0)
-								PQclear_throwPQerror;
-							// get size
-							int size_tell=lo_tell(conn, fd);
-							if(size_tell<0)
-								PQclear_throwPQerror;
-							// seek to begin
-							if(lo_lseek(conn, fd, 0, SEEK_SET)<0)
-								PQclear_throwPQerror;
-							size=(size_t)size_tell;
-							if(size) {
-								// read 
-								ptr=services.malloc(size);
-								if(!lo_read_ex(conn, fd, (const char *)ptr, size_tell))
-									PQclear_throw("lo_read can not read all bytes of object");
-							} else
-								ptr=0;
-							if(lo_close(conn, fd)<0)
-								PQclear_throwPQerror;
-						} else
-							PQclear_throwPQerror;
-					} else {
-						// normal column, read it normally
-						size=(size_t)PQgetlength(res, r, i);
-						if(size) {
-							ptr=services.malloc(size);
-							memcpy(ptr, cell, size);
-						} else
-							ptr=0;
-					}
-					handlers.add_row_cell(ptr, size);
-				}
-			}
-
-		PQclear(res);
-	}
-
-private: // private funcs
-
-	void begin_transaction(SQL_Driver_services& services, PGconn *conn) {
-		if(PGresult *res=PQexec(conn, "BEGIN"))
-			PQclear(res);
-		else
-			throwPQerror;
-	}
-
-	const char *preprocess_statement(SQL_Driver_services& services, PGconn *conn,
-		const char *astatement, unsigned long offset, unsigned long limit) {
-		size_t statement_size=strlen(astatement);
-
-		char *result=(char *)services.malloc(statement_size
-			+MAX_NUMBER*2+15 // limit # offset #
-			+MAX_STRING // in case of short 'strings'
-			+1);
-		// offset & limit -> suffixes
-		const char *o;
-		if(offset || limit) {
-			char *cur=result;
-			memcpy(cur, astatement, statement_size); cur+=statement_size;
-			if(limit)
-				cur+=snprintf(cur, 7+MAX_NUMBER, " limit %u", limit);
-			if(offset)
-				cur+=snprintf(cur, 8+MAX_NUMBER, " offset %u", offset);
-			o=result;
-		} else 
-			o=astatement;
-
-		// /**xxx**/'literal' -> oid
-		char *n=result;
-		while(*o) {
-			if(
-				o[0]=='/' &&
-				o[1]=='*' && 
-				o[2]=='*') { // name start
-				o+=3;
-				while(*o)
-					if(
-						o[0]=='*' &&
-						o[1]=='*' &&
-						o[2]=='/' &&
-						o[3]=='\'') { // name end
-						o+=4;
-						Oid oid=lo_creat(conn, INV_READ|INV_WRITE);
-						if(oid==InvalidOid)
-							throwPQerror;
-						int fd=lo_open(conn, oid, INV_WRITE);
-						if(fd>=0) {
-							const char *start=o;
-							bool escaped=false;
-							while(*o && !(o[0]=='\'' && o[1]!='\'' && !escaped)) {
-								escaped=*o=='\\' || (o[0]=='\'' && o[1]=='\'');
-								if(escaped) {
-									// write pending, skip "\" or "'"
-									if(!lo_write_ex(conn, fd, start, o-start))
-										services._throw("lo_write could not write all bytes of object (1)");
-									start=++o;
-								} else
-									o++;
-							}
-							if(!lo_write_ex(conn, fd, start, o-start))
-								services._throw("lo_write can not write all bytes of object (2)");
-							if(lo_close(conn, fd)<0)
-								throwPQerror;
-						} else
-							throwPQerror;
-						if(*o)
-							o++; // skip "'"
-
-						n+=snprintf(n, MAX_NUMBER, "%u", oid);
-						break;
-					} else
-						o++; // /**skip**/'xxx'
-			} else
-				*n++=*o++;
-		}
-		*n=0;
-
-		return result;
-	}
-
-private: // lo_read/write exchancements
-
-	bool lo_read_ex(PGconn *conn, int fd, const/*paf*/ char *buf, size_t len) {
-		int size_read;
-		while(len && (size_read=lo_read(conn, fd, buf, min(LO_BUFSIZE, len)))>0) {
-			buf+=size_read;
-			len-=size_read;									
-		}
-		return len==0;
-	}
-
-	bool lo_write_ex(PGconn *conn, int fd, const/*paf*/ char *buf, size_t len) {
-		int size_written;
-		while(len && (size_written=lo_write(conn, fd, buf, min(LO_BUFSIZE, len)))>0) {
-			buf+=size_written;
-			len-=size_written;									
-		}
-		return len==0;
-	}
-
-private: // conn client library funcs
-
-	typedef PGconn* (*t_PQsetdbLogin)(
-		const char *pghost,
-		const char *pgport,
-		const char *pgoptions,
-		const char *pgtty,
-		const char *dbName,
-		const char *login,
-		const char *pwd); t_PQsetdbLogin PQsetdbLogin;
-	typedef void (*t_PQfinish)(PGconn *conn);  t_PQfinish PQfinish;
-	typedef char *(*t_PQerrorMessage)(const PGconn* conn); t_PQerrorMessage PQerrorMessage;
-	typedef ConnStatusType (*t_PQstatus)(const PGconn *conn); t_PQstatus PQstatus;
-	typedef PGresult *(*t_PQexec)(PGconn *conn,
-	                 const char *query); t_PQexec PQexec;
-	typedef ExecStatusType (*t_PQresultStatus)(const PGresult *res); t_PQresultStatus PQresultStatus;
-	typedef int (*t_PQgetlength)(const PGresult *res,
-					int tup_num,
-					int field_num); t_PQgetlength PQgetlength;
-	typedef char* (*t_PQgetvalue)(const PGresult *res,
-					 int tup_num,
-					 int field_num); t_PQgetvalue PQgetvalue;
-	typedef int (*t_PQntuples)(const PGresult *res); t_PQntuples PQntuples;
-	typedef char *(*t_PQfname)(const PGresult *res,
-						int field_index); t_PQfname PQfname;
-	typedef int (*t_PQnfields)(const PGresult *res); t_PQnfields PQnfields;
-	typedef void (*t_PQclear)(PGresult *res); t_PQclear PQclear;
-
-	typedef Oid	(*t_PQftype)(const PGresult *res, int field_num); t_PQftype PQftype;
-
-	typedef int	(*t_lo_open)(PGconn *conn, Oid lobjId, int mode); t_lo_open lo_open;
-	typedef int	(*t_lo_close)(PGconn *conn, int fd); t_lo_close lo_close;
-	typedef int	(*t_lo_read)(PGconn *conn, int fd, const/*paf*/ char *buf, size_t len); t_lo_read lo_read;
-	typedef int	(*t_lo_write)(PGconn *conn, int fd, const/*paf*/ char *buf, size_t len); t_lo_write lo_write;
-	typedef int	(*t_lo_lseek)(PGconn *conn, int fd, int offset, int whence); t_lo_lseek lo_lseek;
-	typedef Oid	(*t_lo_creat)(PGconn *conn, int mode); t_lo_creat lo_creat;
-	typedef int	(*t_lo_tell)(PGconn *conn, int fd); t_lo_tell lo_tell;
-	typedef int	(*t_lo_unlink)(PGconn *conn, Oid lobjId); t_lo_unlink lo_unlink;
-	typedef Oid	(*t_lo_import)(PGconn *conn, const char *filename); t_lo_import lo_import;
-	typedef int	(*t_lo_export)(PGconn *conn, Oid lobjId, const char *filename); t_lo_export lo_export;
-
-private: // conn client library funcs linking
-
-	const char *dlink(const char *dlopen_file_spec) {
-        lt_dlhandle handle=lt_dlopen(dlopen_file_spec);
-        if(!handle)
-			return "can not open the dynamic link module";
-
-		#define DSLINK(name, action) \
-			name=(t_##name)lt_dlsym(handle, #name); \
-				if(!name) \
-					action;
-
-		#define DLINK(name) DSLINK(name, return "function " #name " was not found")
-		
-		DLINK(PQsetdbLogin);
-		DLINK(PQerrorMessage);
-		DLINK(PQstatus);
-		DLINK(PQfinish);
-		DLINK(PQgetvalue);
-		DLINK(PQgetlength);
-		DLINK(PQntuples);
-		DLINK(PQfname);
-		DLINK(PQnfields);
-		DLINK(PQclear);
-		DLINK(PQresultStatus);
-		DLINK(PQexec);
-		DLINK(PQftype);
-		DLINK(lo_open);		DLINK(lo_close);
-		DLINK(lo_read);		DLINK(lo_write);
-		DLINK(lo_lseek);		DLINK(lo_creat);
-		DLINK(lo_tell);		DLINK(lo_unlink);
-		DLINK(lo_import);		DLINK(lo_export);
-
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-};
-
-extern "C" SQL_Driver *SQL_DRIVER_CREATE() {
-	return new PgSQL_Driver();
-}
+/** @file
+	Parser PgSQL driver.
+
+	Copyright(c) 2001, 2003 ArtLebedev Group (http://www.artlebedev.com)
+
+	Author: Alexandr Petrosian <paf@design.ru> (http://paf.design.ru)
+
+	2007.10.25 using PgSQL 8.1.5
+*/
+static const char *RCSId="$Id: parser3pgsql.C,v 1.32 2008/12/18 01:45:03 misha Exp $"; 
+
+#include "config_includes.h"
+
+#include "pa_sql_driver.h"
+
+#include <libpq-fe.h>
+#include <libpq/libpq-fs.h>
+
+// from catalog/pg_type.h
+#define BOOLOID			16
+#define INT8OID			20
+#define INT2OID			21
+#define INT4OID			23
+#define OIDOID			26
+#define FLOAT4OID		700
+#define FLOAT8OID		701
+#define DATEOID			1082
+#define TIMEOID			1083
+#define TIMESTAMPOID	1114
+#define TIMESTAMPTZOID	1184
+#define TIMETZOID		1266
+#define NUMERICOID		1700
+
+// LO_BUFSIZE from interfaces\libpq\fe-lobj.c = 8192 (0x2000)
+// actually writing chunks of that size failed, reduced it twice
+#define LO_BUFSIZE		  0x1000
+
+
+#include "ltdl.h"
+
+#define MAX_COLS 500
+
+#define MAX_STRING 0x400
+#define MAX_NUMBER 20
+
+#if _MSC_VER
+#	define snprintf _snprintf
+#	define strcasecmp _stricmp
+#endif
+
+#ifndef max
+inline int max(int a,int b){ return a>b?a:b; }
+inline int min(int a,int b){ return a<b?a:b; }
+#endif
+
+static char *lsplit(char *string, char delim){
+	if(string){
+		if(char *v=strchr(string, delim)){
+			*v=0;
+			return v+1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static char *lsplit(char **string_ref, char delim){
+	char *result=*string_ref;
+	char *next=lsplit(*string_ref, delim);
+	*string_ref=next;
+	return result;
+}
+
+static char* rsplit(char* string, char delim){
+	if(string){
+		if(char* v=strrchr(string, delim)){
+			*v=0;
+			return v+1;
+		}
+	}
+	return NULL;	
+}
+
+static void toupper_str(char *out, const char *in, size_t size){
+	while(size--)
+		*out++=(char)toupper(*in++);
+}
+
+struct Connection {
+	SQL_Driver_services* services;
+
+	PGconn *conn;
+	const char* client_charset;
+	bool autocommit;
+	bool without_default_transactions;
+};
+
+/**
+	PgSQL server driver
+*/
+class PgSQL_Driver : public SQL_Driver {
+public:
+
+	PgSQL_Driver() : SQL_Driver() {
+	}
+
+	/// get api version
+	int api_version(){ return SQL_DRIVER_API_VERSION; }
+
+	/// initialize driver by loading sql dynamic link library
+	const char *initialize(char *dlopen_file_spec){
+		return dlopen_file_spec?
+			dlink(dlopen_file_spec):"client library column is empty";
+	}
+
+	#define throwPQerror connection.services->_throw(PQerrorMessage(connection.conn))
+	#define PQclear_throw(msg) { \
+			PQclear(res); \
+			connection.services->_throw(msg); \
+		}						
+	#define PQclear_throwPQerror PQclear_throw(PQerrorMessage(connection.conn))
+
+	/**	connect
+		@param url
+			format: @b user:pass@host[:port]|[local]/database?
+			ClientCharset=charset&	// transcode by parser
+			charset=value&			// transcode by server with 'SET CLIENT_ENCODING=value'
+			datestyle=value&		// 'SET DATESTYLE=value' available values are: ISO|SQL|Postgres|European|US|German [default=ISO]
+			autocommit=1&			// each transaction is commited automatically (default)
+			WithoutDefaultTransaction=0	// 1 -- disable auto commit, 'BEGIN TRAN' at connection start and COMMIT/ROLLBACK at the end [can't be used together with autocommit option]
+	*/
+	void connect(
+				char* url, 
+				SQL_Driver_services& services, 
+				void** connection_ref ///< output: Connection*
+	){
+		char* user=url;
+		char* host=rsplit(user, '@');
+		char* db=lsplit(host, '/');
+		char* pwd=lsplit(user, ':');
+		char* port=lsplit(host, ':');
+
+		char *options=lsplit(db, '?');
+
+		char* charset=0;
+		char* datestyle=0;
+
+		Connection& connection=*(Connection *)services.malloc(sizeof(Connection));
+		*connection_ref=&connection;
+		connection.services=&services;
+		connection.client_charset=0;	
+		connection.autocommit=true;
+		connection.without_default_transactions=false;
+
+		connection.conn=PQsetdbLogin(
+			(host&&strcasecmp(host, "local")==0)?NULL/* local Unix domain socket */:host, port, 
+			NULL, NULL, db, user, pwd);
+
+		if(!connection.conn)
+			services._throw("PQsetdbLogin failed");
+
+		if(PQstatus(connection.conn)!=CONNECTION_OK)
+			throwPQerror;
+
+		while(options){
+			if(char *key=lsplit(&options, '&')){
+				if(*key){
+					if(char *value=lsplit(key, '=')){
+						if(strcmp(key, "ClientCharset")==0){
+							toupper_str(value, value, strlen(value));
+							connection.client_charset=value;
+						} else if(strcasecmp(key, "charset")==0){
+							charset=value;
+						} else if(strcasecmp(key, "datestyle")==0){
+							datestyle=value;
+						} else if(strcasecmp(key, "autocommit")==0){
+							if(connection.without_default_transactions)
+								services._throw("options WithoutDefaultTransaction and autocommit can't be used together");
+							if(atoi(value)==0)
+								connection.autocommit=false;
+						} else if(strcmp(key, "WithoutDefaultTransaction")==0){
+							if(!connection.autocommit)
+								services._throw("options WithoutDefaultTransaction and autocommit can't be used together");
+							if(atoi(value)==1){
+								connection.without_default_transactions=true;
+								connection.autocommit=false;
+							}
+						} else
+							services._throw("unknown connect option" /*key*/);
+					} else 
+						services._throw("connect option without =value" /*key*/);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if(charset){
+			char statement[MAX_STRING]="SET CLIENT_ENCODING=";
+			strncat(statement, charset, MAX_STRING);
+
+			_execute_cmd(connection, statement);
+		}
+
+		if(datestyle){
+			char statement[MAX_STRING]="SET DATESTYLE=";
+			strncat(statement, datestyle, MAX_STRING);
+
+			_execute_cmd(connection, statement);
+		}
+
+		_begin_transaction(connection);
+	}
+
+	void disconnect(void *aconnection){
+		Connection& connection=*static_cast<Connection*>(aconnection);
+		PQfinish(connection.conn);
+		connection.conn=0;
+	}
+
+	void commit(void *aconnection){
+		Connection& connection=*static_cast<Connection*>(aconnection);
+		if(!connection.without_default_transactions){
+			_execute_cmd(connection, "COMMIT");
+		}
+		_begin_transaction(connection);
+	}
+
+	void rollback(void *aconnection){
+		Connection& connection=*static_cast<Connection*>(aconnection);
+		if(!connection.without_default_transactions){
+			_execute_cmd(connection, "ROLLBACK");
+		}
+		_begin_transaction(connection);
+	}
+
+	bool ping(void *aconnection) {
+		Connection& connection=*static_cast<Connection*>(aconnection);
+		return PQstatus(connection.conn)==CONNECTION_OK;
+	}
+
+	const char* quote(void *aconnection, const char *from, unsigned int length){
+		Connection& connection=*static_cast<Connection*>(aconnection);
+
+		char *result=(char*)connection.services->malloc_atomic(length*2+1);
+		int err=0;
+		PQescapeStringConn(connection.conn, result, from, length, &err);
+		return result;
+	}
+	
+	void query(void *aconnection, 
+				const char *astatement, 
+				size_t placeholders_count, Placeholder* placeholders, 
+				unsigned long offset, unsigned long limit,
+				SQL_Driver_query_event_handlers& handlers
+	){
+		Connection& connection=*static_cast<Connection*>(aconnection);
+		SQL_Driver_services& services=*connection.services;
+		PGconn *conn=connection.conn;
+
+		const char* client_charset=connection.client_charset;
+		const char* request_charset=services.request_charset();
+		bool transcode_needed=client_charset && strcmp(client_charset, request_charset)!=0;
+
+		const char** paramValues;
+		if(placeholders_count>0){
+			int binds_size=sizeof(char)*placeholders_count;
+			paramValues = static_cast<const char**>(services.malloc_atomic(binds_size));
+			_bind_parameters(placeholders_count, placeholders, paramValues, connection, transcode_needed);
+		}
+
+		if(transcode_needed){
+			// transcode query from $request:charset to ?ClientCharset
+			size_t length=strlen(astatement);
+			services.transcode(astatement, length,
+				astatement, length,
+				request_charset,
+				client_charset);
+		}
+
+		const char *statement=_preprocess_statement(connection, astatement, offset, limit);
+		// error after prepare?
+
+		PGresult *res;
+		if(placeholders_count>0){
+			res=PQexecParams(conn, statement, placeholders_count, NULL, paramValues, NULL, NULL, 0);
+		} else {
+			res=PQexec(conn, statement);
+		}
+		if(!res) 
+			throwPQerror;
+
+		switch(PQresultStatus(res)) {
+			case PGRES_EMPTY_QUERY: 
+				PQclear_throw("no query");
+				break;
+			case PGRES_COMMAND_OK: // empty result: insert|delete|update|...
+				PQclear(res);
+				return;
+			case PGRES_TUPLES_OK: 
+				break;	
+			default:
+				PQclear_throwPQerror;
+				break;
+		}
+		
+		int column_count=PQnfields(res);
+		if(!column_count)
+			PQclear_throw("result contains no columns");
+
+		bool failed=false;
+		SQL_Error sql_error;
+#define CHECK(afailed) \
+		if(afailed) { \
+			failed=true; \
+			goto cleanup; \
+		}
+
+		if(column_count>MAX_COLS)
+			column_count=MAX_COLS;
+
+		unsigned int column_types[MAX_COLS];
+		bool transcode_column[MAX_COLS];
+
+		for(int i=0; i<column_count; i++){
+			char *name=PQfname(res, i);
+			size_t length=strlen(name);
+			column_types[i]=PQftype(res, i);
+			switch(column_types[i]){
+				case BOOLOID:
+				case INT8OID:
+				case INT2OID:
+				case INT4OID:
+				case FLOAT4OID:
+				case FLOAT8OID:
+				case DATEOID:
+				case TIMEOID:
+				case TIMESTAMPOID:
+				case TIMESTAMPTZOID:
+				case TIMETZOID:
+				case NUMERICOID:
+					transcode_column[i]=false;
+					break;
+				default:
+					transcode_column[i]=transcode_needed;
+					break;
+			}
+			char* strm=(char*)services.malloc(length+1);
+			memcpy(strm, name, length+1);
+			const char* str=strm;
+
+			if(transcode_needed) 
+				// transcode column name from ?ClientCharset to $request:charset
+				services.transcode(str, length,
+					str, length,
+					client_charset,
+					request_charset);
+
+			CHECK(handlers.add_column(sql_error, str, length));
+		}
+
+		CHECK(handlers.before_rows(sql_error));
+
+		if(unsigned long row_count=(unsigned long)PQntuples(res))
+			for(unsigned long r=0; r<row_count; r++) {
+				CHECK(handlers.add_row(sql_error));
+				for(int i=0; i<column_count; i++){
+					const char *cell=PQgetvalue(res, r, i);
+					size_t length;
+					const char* str;
+
+					switch(column_types[i]){
+						case OIDOID:
+							{
+								char *error_pos=0;
+								Oid oid=cell?atoi(cell):0;
+								int fd=lo_open(conn, oid, INV_READ);
+								if(fd>=0){
+									// seek to end
+									if(lo_lseek(conn, fd, 0, SEEK_END)<0)
+										PQclear_throwPQerror;
+									// get length
+									int size_tell=lo_tell(conn, fd);
+									if(size_tell<0)
+										PQclear_throwPQerror;
+									// seek to begin
+									if(lo_lseek(conn, fd, 0, SEEK_SET)<0)
+										PQclear_throwPQerror;
+									length=(size_t)size_tell;
+									if(length){
+										// read 
+										char* strm=(char*)services.malloc(length+1);
+										if(!lo_read_ex(conn, fd, strm, size_tell))
+											PQclear_throw("lo_read can not read all bytes of object");
+										strm[length]=0;
+										str=strm;
+									} else
+										str=0;
+									if(lo_close(conn, fd)<0)
+										PQclear_throwPQerror;
+								} else
+									PQclear_throwPQerror;
+							}
+						default:
+							// normal column, read it normally
+							length=(size_t)PQgetlength(res, r, i);
+							if(length){
+								char* strm=(char*)services.malloc(length+1);
+								memcpy(strm, cell, length+1);
+								str=strm;
+							} else
+								str=0;
+					}
+
+					if(str && length && transcode_column[i]){
+						//services._throw("tr");
+						// transcode cell value from ?ClientCharset to $request:charset
+						services.transcode(str, length,
+							str, length,
+							client_charset,
+							request_charset);
+					}
+
+					CHECK(handlers.add_row_cell(sql_error, str, length));
+				}
+			}
+cleanup:
+		PQclear(res);
+		if(failed)
+			services._throw(sql_error);
+
+		if(connection.autocommit)
+			commit(aconnection);
+	}
+
+private:
+	void _bind_parameters(
+				size_t placeholders_count, 
+				Placeholder* placeholders, 
+				const char** paramValues,
+				Connection& connection,
+				bool transcode_needed
+	){
+		for(size_t i=0; i<placeholders_count; i++){
+			Placeholder& ph=placeholders[i];
+			if(transcode_needed){
+				size_t name_length;
+				size_t value_length;
+				connection.services->transcode(ph.name, strlen(ph.name),
+					ph.name, name_length,
+					connection.services->request_charset(),
+					connection.client_charset);
+
+				if(ph.value) {
+					connection.services->transcode(ph.value, strlen(ph.value),
+						ph.value, value_length,
+						connection.services->request_charset(),
+						connection.client_charset);
+				}
+			}
+			int name_numner=atoi(ph.name);
+			if(name_numner <= 0 || name_numner > placeholders_count)
+				connection.services->_throw("bad bind parameter key");
+
+			paramValues[name_numner-1]=ph.value;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	
+	/**
+		Executes a query and throw away the result.
+	*/
+	void _execute_cmd(const Connection& connection, const char *query){
+		if(PGresult *res=PQexec(connection.conn, query))
+			PQclear(res); // throw out the result [don't need but must call]
+		else
+			throwPQerror;
+	}
+
+	void _begin_transaction(Connection& connection){
+		if(!connection.without_default_transactions)
+			_execute_cmd(connection, "BEGIN");
+	}
+
+	const char *_preprocess_statement(
+					Connection& connection,
+					const char *astatement,
+					unsigned long offset,
+					unsigned long limit
+	){
+		PGconn *conn=connection.conn;
+
+		size_t statement_size=strlen(astatement);
+
+		char *result=(char *)connection.services->malloc(statement_size
+			+MAX_NUMBER*2+15 // limit # offset #
+			+MAX_STRING // in case of short 'strings'
+			+1);
+		// offset & limit -> suffixes
+		const char *o;
+		if(offset || limit!=SQL_NO_LIMIT){
+			char *cur=result;
+			memcpy(cur, astatement, statement_size); cur+=statement_size;
+			if(limit!=SQL_NO_LIMIT)
+				cur+=snprintf(cur, 7+MAX_NUMBER, " limit %u", limit);
+			if(offset)
+				cur+=snprintf(cur, 8+MAX_NUMBER, " offset %u", offset);
+			o=result;
+		} else 
+			o=astatement;
+
+		// /**xxx**/'literal' -> oid
+		char *n=result;
+		while(*o) {
+			if(
+				o[0]=='/' &&
+				o[1]=='*' && 
+				o[2]=='*') { // name start
+				const char* saved_o=o;
+				o+=3;
+				while(*o)
+					if(
+						o[0]=='*' &&
+						o[1]=='*' &&
+						o[2]=='/' &&
+						o[3]=='\'') { // name end
+						saved_o=0; // found, marking that
+						o+=4;
+						Oid oid=lo_creat(conn, INV_READ|INV_WRITE);
+						if(oid==InvalidOid)
+							throwPQerror;
+						int fd=lo_open(conn, oid, INV_WRITE);
+						if(fd>=0) {
+							const char *start=o;
+							bool escaped=false;
+							while(*o && !(o[0]=='\'' && o[1]!='\'' && !escaped)) {
+								escaped=*o=='\\' || (o[0]=='\'' && o[1]=='\'');
+								if(escaped) {
+									// write pending, skip "\" or "'"
+									if(!lo_write_ex(conn, fd, start, o-start))
+										connection.services->_throw("lo_write could not write all bytes of object (1)");
+									start=++o;
+								} else
+									o++;
+							}
+							if(!lo_write_ex(conn, fd, start, o-start))
+								connection.services->_throw("lo_write can not write all bytes of object (2)");
+							if(lo_close(conn, fd)<0)
+								throwPQerror;
+						} else
+							throwPQerror;
+						if(*o)
+							o++; // skip "'"
+
+						n+=snprintf(n, MAX_NUMBER, "%u", oid);
+						break;
+					} else
+						o++; // /**skip**/'xxx'
+				if(saved_o) {
+					o=saved_o;
+					*n++=*o++;
+				}
+			} else
+				*n++=*o++;
+		}
+		*n=0;
+
+		return result;
+	}
+
+private: // lo_read/write exchancements
+
+	bool lo_read_ex(PGconn *conn, int fd, const/*paf*/ char *buf, size_t len) {
+		return lo_rw_method (conn, fd, buf, len, lo_read);
+	}
+
+	bool lo_write_ex(PGconn *conn, int fd, const/*paf*/ char *buf, size_t len) {
+		return lo_rw_method (conn, fd, buf, len, lo_write);
+	}
+
+	bool lo_rw_method(PGconn *conn, int fd, const/*paf*/ char *buf, size_t len, int (*lo_func)(PGconn *conn, int fd, const/*paf*/ char *buf, size_t len)) {
+		int size_op;
+		while(len && (size_op=lo_func(conn, fd, buf, min(LO_BUFSIZE, len)))>0) {
+			buf+=size_op;
+			len-=size_op;
+		}
+		return len==0;
+	}
+
+private: // conn client library funcs
+
+	typedef PGconn* (*t_PQsetdbLogin)(
+		const char *pghost,
+		const char *pgport,
+		const char *pgoptions,
+		const char *pgtty,
+		const char *dbName,
+		const char *login,
+		const char *pwd); t_PQsetdbLogin PQsetdbLogin;
+	typedef void (*t_PQfinish)(PGconn *conn);  t_PQfinish PQfinish;
+	typedef char *(*t_PQerrorMessage)(const PGconn* conn); t_PQerrorMessage PQerrorMessage;
+	typedef ConnStatusType (*t_PQstatus)(const PGconn *conn); t_PQstatus PQstatus;
+	typedef PGresult *(*t_PQexec)(PGconn *conn,
+						const char *query); t_PQexec PQexec;
+	typedef PGresult *(*t_PQexecParams)(
+						PGconn *conn,
+						const char *query, 
+						int nParams,
+						const Oid *paramTypes,
+						const char * const *paramValues,
+						const int *paramLengths,
+						const int *paramFormats,
+						int resultFormat); t_PQexecParams PQexecParams;
+
+	typedef ExecStatusType (*t_PQresultStatus)(const PGresult *res); t_PQresultStatus PQresultStatus;
+	typedef int (*t_PQgetlength)(const PGresult *res,
+						int tup_num,
+						int field_num); t_PQgetlength PQgetlength;
+	typedef char* (*t_PQgetvalue)(const PGresult *res,
+						int tup_num,
+						int field_num); t_PQgetvalue PQgetvalue;
+	typedef int	(*t_PQntuples)(const PGresult *res); t_PQntuples PQntuples;
+	typedef char *(*t_PQfname)(const PGresult *res,
+						int field_index); t_PQfname PQfname;
+	typedef int (*t_PQnfields)(const PGresult *res); t_PQnfields PQnfields;
+	typedef void (*t_PQclear)(PGresult *res); t_PQclear PQclear;
+
+	typedef Oid	(*t_PQftype)(const PGresult *res, int field_num); t_PQftype PQftype;
+
+	typedef size_t (*t_PQescapeStringConn)(PGconn *conn,
+						char *to, const char *from, size_t length,
+						int *error); t_PQescapeStringConn PQescapeStringConn;
+
+	typedef int	(*t_lo_open)(PGconn *conn, Oid lobjId, int mode); t_lo_open lo_open;
+	typedef int	(*t_lo_close)(PGconn *conn, int fd); t_lo_close lo_close;
+	typedef int	(*t_lo_read)(PGconn *conn, int fd, const/*paf*/ char *buf, size_t len); t_lo_read lo_read;
+	typedef int	(*t_lo_write)(PGconn *conn, int fd, const/*paf*/ char *buf, size_t len); t_lo_write lo_write;
+	typedef int	(*t_lo_lseek)(PGconn *conn, int fd, int offset, int whence); t_lo_lseek lo_lseek;
+	typedef Oid	(*t_lo_creat)(PGconn *conn, int mode); t_lo_creat lo_creat;
+	typedef int	(*t_lo_tell)(PGconn *conn, int fd); t_lo_tell lo_tell;
+	typedef int	(*t_lo_unlink)(PGconn *conn, Oid lobjId); t_lo_unlink lo_unlink;
+	typedef Oid	(*t_lo_import)(PGconn *conn, const char *filename); t_lo_import lo_import;
+	typedef int	(*t_lo_export)(PGconn *conn, Oid lobjId, const char *filename); t_lo_export lo_export;
+
+private: // conn client library funcs linking
+
+	const char *dlink(const char *dlopen_file_spec) {
+		if(lt_dlinit())
+			return lt_dlerror();
+		lt_dlhandle handle=lt_dlopen(dlopen_file_spec);
+		if(!handle)
+			return "can not open the dynamic link module";
+
+		#define DSLINK(name, action) \
+			name=(t_##name)lt_dlsym(handle, #name); \
+				if(!name) \
+					action;
+
+		#define DLINK(name) DSLINK(name, return "function " #name " was not found")
+		
+		DLINK(PQsetdbLogin);
+		DLINK(PQerrorMessage);
+		DLINK(PQstatus);
+		DLINK(PQfinish);
+		DLINK(PQgetvalue);
+		DLINK(PQgetlength);
+		DLINK(PQntuples);
+		DLINK(PQfname);
+		DLINK(PQnfields);
+		DLINK(PQclear);
+		DLINK(PQresultStatus);
+		DLINK(PQexec);
+		DLINK(PQexecParams);
+		DLINK(PQftype);
+		DLINK(PQescapeStringConn);
+		DLINK(lo_open);		DLINK(lo_close);
+		DLINK(lo_read);		DLINK(lo_write);
+		DLINK(lo_lseek);		DLINK(lo_creat);
+		DLINK(lo_tell);		DLINK(lo_unlink);
+		DLINK(lo_import);		DLINK(lo_export);
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+};
+
+extern "C" SQL_Driver *SQL_DRIVER_CREATE() {
+	return new PgSQL_Driver();
+}