/** @page String String
In memory strings [String] are stored as letters [actually, cord objects from libgd cord library, see cord.h file]
plus list of fragments [String::Languages] which contain language of fragment+it's length.
Fragments that are received from stdout of scripts are considered clean(String::Language ::L_CLEAN),
but those from visitor - from stderr of scripts, from environment, from forms,
from dist [table:load] or from sql server [table:sql] are considered tainted(String::Language::L_TAINTED),
when string involved in different operations, it can be split, but all resulting parts
still remember languages of their fragments.
String can be written to Request::wcontext, then part of fragments can change their language.
Language is set to those fragments, which were not in particular language, but just tainted[L_TAINTED],
they become "dirty, but we need what to do to make them clean, that is we know their language".
Say,
@verbatim
^void:sql{insert into news (title) values ('$form:title')]
@endverbatim
when parameter of sql is processed, with help of Temp_lang
we set "current language" [Request::flang], and when string got written [Request::write_assign_lang]
L_TAINTED string from $form:title part of parameter of sql-method, the one in apostrophes, got assigned an L_SQL language.
String can be converted to normal string using String::cstr().
If it is called with this parameter String::cstr(String::L_UNSPECIFIED) then
when it will be converted, fragment languages would be taken into consideration, and
corresponding cleansing performed.
Particular language can also be specified String::cstr(String::Language) [by default =L_AS_IS],
then all string fragments would forcibly considered to be in that language,
regardles of the language inside fragment.
This is used, for instance, in work with file names
[ATTENTION: never ever use this construction if you care about your secret files,
it is used only as an example]:
@verbatim
$file[^table::load[$form:file_name]]
@endverbatim
here with normal $form:file_name processing would be L_HTML|L_OPTIMIZE_BIT, while we need L_FILE_SPEC,
and it would be stupid everywhere to do like we do in table:sql, insisting on {} parameters.
Usual language of output is String::Language::L_HTML|String::Language::L_OPTIMIZE_BIT,
exception is CGI script, which got started outside of web-server,
in that case language String::Language::L_AS_IS is used.
In fragments where language is marked as OPTIMIZED (String::Language::L_OPTIMIZE_BIT),
when they are converted into string String::cstr white spaces would be optimized:
out of several consequent characters would be left only first, others would be wiped off the result.
When code works with char* it is assumed it is can never be 0.
k
*/
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